War-time Mobilization and Structural Change--Comparative Analysis--

该联合研究项目围绕三组活动进行，具体为：(1)邀请海外项目成员参加每年7月在东京外国语大学举行的国际研讨会；(2)派遣日本成员参加9月或10月在德国和美国举行的会议；(3)为了研究咨询和收集数据而频繁交流日本和海外学者。(1)中描述的活动主要是从德国和日本比较的角度进行的。它们包括邀请德国研究人员参加专题讨论会，并导致集中讨论两国的战时动员制度及其对战后社会的影响。我们首先考虑了战争时期体系和战后社会之间的结构连续性和连贯性。然后，对性别问题的兴趣加深了。随后，我们的调查进一步深入到考虑两国的历史代表性和社会意识。我们这项研究的结果是，这两个国家的战时和战后社会，迄今为止往往被认为是独特的或特殊的，现在被更恰当地视为在很大程度上共享一般结构。在(2)，我们进行了比较调查，特别是“日本研究”的主题，并报道了德国、日本和美国的现状。尽管对“日本现代性”的研究状况在很大程度上取决于不同学者所处的不同社会条件，但很明显，某些深层次的共性是可以辨别出来的。因此，“日本研究”领域已经被共同项目的学者们认识到，如果研究人员受到“国家”观点的限制，那么“日本研究”领域就不会取得进展。在(3)中，上述(1)和(2)产生的结果已根据特定的具体问题进行了深化，并通过深化联合研究项目贡献者的各种研究主题以及创建它们之间的有机联系而得到发展。最后，将从1998年开始的下一代联合研究项目中应该涉及的许多课题已经在这里出现。少

The joint research project has progressed centering around three sets of activities, specifically : (1) the invitation of overseas project members to international symposia held every year in July at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies : (2) the dispatch of Japanese members to conferences held in Germany and the USA in Septembers or October : (3) the frequent exchange of Japanese and overseas academics for purposes of research consultations and the collection of data.The activities described at (1) have mainly taken place from the perspective of a comparison of Germany and Japan. They have involved inviting German researches to the symposia, and have lead to concentrated discussions on the war-time mobilizations systems of both countries and the effects of this on their post-war societies. We began by considering the structural continuities and breads between the war-time systems and post-war societies. Then, interest in questions of gender deepened. Our investigations subsequently … More progressed to consider historical representation and social consciousness in both countries. Our result of this study has been that the war-time and post-war societies of both countries, which have hitherto tended to be regarded as being unique or particular, have come to be more appropriately seen as in large part sharing general structure.At (2), we have undertaken comparative investigations, especially into the theme of 'Japan Studies', and have reported on the current state of affairs in Germany, Japan and the USA.In spite of the fact that the state of research into 'Japanese modernity'is strongly prescribed by the varied social conditions in which different scholars operate, it has become apparent that certain deep-level commonalities can be discerned. Thus, the field of 'Japan Studies'has been recognized by scholars from the joint project as not progressing if researchers are restricted by a "national" view-point.At (3), the results emanating from (1) and (2) above have been deepened in comformith with particular, concrete questions and have developed through the deepening of the various research themes of the contributors to the joint research project and the creating og the organic connections between them. Finally, many of the subjects which ought to be engaged by the next-generation joint research project, which will begin from 1998, have emerged here. Less