Study on human active life-from view point of muscle, fat and bone composition

从最近的项目结果来看，农村地区的人皮下脂肪厚度模式低于东京市中心，而农村地区的人下肢肌肉厚度低于城市。这表明，包括日常体力活动在内的环境条件对人体成分的影响很大。为了在日常活动中保持健康的状态，重要的是下肢的肌肉群，如膝关节伸肌和足底屈肌，在一些运动中被激活，如走路和跑步。在本研究中，老年人被要求做3种运动：蹲、坐、俯卧撑。该锻炼计划进行10-20次，每周3天，12个月。测定大鼠术前、6个月和1年后的骨密度（DXA法）、皮下脂肪和肌肉厚度分布模式（超声法）、肌肉力量（Cybex机）和体成分（Bod Pot）。由于运动计划，膝关节伸展力量增加了约20-60%。肌肉厚度与肌力之间存在显著的相关系数，认为肌力的增加是由肌肉肥大引起的。骨密度增加2%，无统计学意义。这些数据表明，即使是老年人（60-70岁）也可以通过适当的日常锻炼来改善肌肉功能。

From the results of resent projects it was observed that the subcutaneous fat thickness pattern who live in country region indicated lower than that in central Tokyo city, while the muscle thickness of lower extremity were lower in country peapole than in city. This is suggesting human body composition is affected significantly by environmental condition including daily physical activity.To keep healthy condition in daily activity it is important that muscle groups in lower extremities such as knee extensors and plantar flexors are activated by some movements as walking and running. In the present study the old aged peaple were requested to perform 3 exercises such as squat, sit up and push up movements. This exercise program was carried on 10-20 repetition, 3 days per week, 12 months. Bone density (DXA method), subcutaneous fat and muscle thickness distiribution pattern (Ultrasound method), muscle power (Cybex machine) and body composition (Bod Pot) were measured before, 6 moths and after 1 year. Due to the excercise program knee extension power increased by about 20-60%. As the significant correlation corefficient between muscle thickness and power was observed the increment of muscle power was considered to be caused by muscle hypertrophy. The bone density increased by 2% without statistical significant. These data are indicating that even old peaple (60-70yrs) can improve muscle function by apropriate dayly excercise.