A Study on the Foundation of Modern Time Structure in the Primary Schools in Meiji Era Nagano

在本研究中，我从三个方面考察了明治时代长野日野小学现代时间结构的基础时间的循环和节奏现代学校时间与传统习俗之间存在着持续不断的矛盾。直到明治晚期，历年对学校来说比学年（从4月1日到3月底）更重要。在明治初期，学校入学被正式限制为每年两次或一次，但孩子们进入小学的日子是不同的。直到明治20年代末，入学年龄和入学日期的灵活性已经消失。1900年取消了升官考试，此后实际上建立了年级制时间管理。明治下半叶，学校时间的管理变得更加有意义。例如，在暑假期间，给小学生制定了课程表和家庭作业，并在孩子们上学的假期设立了检查家庭作业的日子。

In this study I investigate the foundation of modern time structure in Hino Primary school in Meiji Era Nagano on three aspects.1 The cycle and rhythm of time. There was a continuous contradiction between the modern school time and the traditional custom. The calender year had been more important for the school than the school year (from April 1 to the end of March) until late Meiji.2 School entrance age and garde system. In the early years of Meiji Era, school entrance was officially restricted to twice or once a year, but children entered a primary school various day. Until the end of the Meiji 20's the flexibility of school entrance age and school entrance day had been disappeared. The examination for promotion was abolished in 1900 and actually year-grade system was established after that.3 Time management. In the last half of Meiji Era the school time came to be managed more instructively. For example primary school children were given a schedule and homework during the summer vacation, and the day for checking the homework was set up during the vacation when the children had to attend school.