Modeling and analysis of terminal airspace capacity in air traffic control

在航空运输不断增长的情况下，机场容量不足的问题日益突出，特别是在大都市地区。机场扩建和开发新机场是缓解机场拥挤的有效措施。然而，这些对策的结果将带来新的拥挤问题，因为飞机在机场密集区的有限空域起降，空域的容量主要取决于两个因素：两机之间的最小间隔和管制员在包括保持间隔在内的ATC工作负荷中的能力上限。由于空管工作量的大小因扇区特性而异，因此基于空管工作量的空域容量应确定为空管扇区最优配置所对应的最大吞吐量，本研究旨在明确在多个拥挤机场的空域中，哪种交通容量是关键的。将扇区内ATC的行为建模为排队系统，并通过扇区之间的切换延迟来评估工作负载水平。数值计算结果表明，在大多数情况下，基于ATC工作量的通行能力低于基于最小间隔的通行能力。

Under the continuous growth of air transportation, lack of airport capacity is serious especially in megalopolis areas. Airport expansion and developing new airports are effective to reduce the congestion. However the resultant situation from these countermeasures will carry a new congestion problem, because the aircraft landing and take off to/from the airports must fly through the limited airspace over the dense airports area.Ttaffic capacity of an airspace mainly depends on two factors : minimum separation between two aircrafts and the upper limit of controller's capability in ATC workload including maintaining the separation. The level of ATC workload varies in sector characteristics, so that the capacity of an airspace based on ATC workload should be determined as the maximum throughput corresponding with the optimal configuration of ATC sectors.This study aims to clear which kind of traffic capacity is critical in the airspace over an area with multiple congested airports. The behavior of ATC in a sector is modeled as a queuing system and the level o workload is evaluated by the hand-off delay between sectors. The numerical examination tells us that the capacity based on ATC workload is lower than the capacity based on minimum separation in much cases.