STUDY ON THE DURABLE INFLUENCE OF VOLCANIC DISASTER UPON THE COMMUNITY ; IN THE CASE OF THE UNZEN VOLCANIC DISASTER IN 1991

云仙火山东侧斜坡自1991年6月3日以后爆发的火山碎屑流和泥石流灾害，造成8000多人受灾。在市政府的控制下，难民的持久撤离开始运作。难民的住所迁移是为了分散他们的住所和改变社区成员。难民的新住所分为私人、市政或临时住房以及单独或集体住房。新住宅的类别组成在灾区的各个部分之间或多或少有所不同。通过聚类分析，发现该地区的某些部分之间的相似组成。构成的地方性可能是由于灾害发生的时间或程度的区域性差异，以及市政府提供避难场所的位置等原因造成的。通过市政府的问卷调查发现，大多数避难所 ...更多信息 他们希望将他们的住所迁到他们在遭受苦难之前居住的地方附近。然而，他们倾向于转移到政府愤怒的避难所，无论移动距离有多远。这一趋势的含义可能是，难民优先获得经济援助，因为他们失去了包括房屋在内的大量财产。大约三分之一的难民家庭在撤离期间解散，这些家庭中以前共同生活的成员分开居住在两个或两个以上的集群中。解散似乎取决于难民家庭以及其他普通家庭的年龄组组成，离婚一般由年老的父母和未成年子女的赡养来控制，由成年子女的独立来促进。然而，在受灾地区的某些地区，难民的家庭解体可能会加速。另据估计，在灾难发生后，离开家庭的人口流动发生了变化，即，越来越多的人口从他们原来居住的城市流出。少

Pyroclastic flows and debris flows occured on east-facing slope of Unzen Volcano succesively since after 3rd of June in 1991 brought about more than 8000 disastrous refugees. Durable evacuation of the refugees was come into operation under the control of the municipal governments. Refugees' residential displacement was undertaken to disperse their residence and alter community members. Refugees' new residences were characterized according to private, municipal or temporary housing together with separate or collective housing. Categorical compositions of the new residences were different more or less among respective sections of the suffering area. Resemble composiitions were found among some sections of the area by cluster analysis. The locality in the composiitions might be caused from regionally different time or extent of disastrous sufferings, and locations of refuges furnished by municipal governments. Through the questionnaire by municipal government it was found that most refuge … More es wished to displace their residences near by the places where they had lived before the suffering. However, they tended to remove to refuge fumished by the governments, whatever long moving distances might be. The meaning of this tendency might be that refugees gave priority to financial aids because they lost much property includiing houses.About one third of refugees' households were dissolved during the evacuatio, and members formerly lived together in these households separately lived in two or more clusters. Dissolution seems likely to depend upon composition of age groups in refugees' household as well as in other common household, i.e., dissolution is in general controlled by support of old parents and Childen under age and promoted by independence of grownup children. However, refugees' household dissolution might be accelerated in some sections of the suffering area. It is also estimated that flow of population departing from households changed after the suffering, i.e., increasing population flowed out of the municipality where they had formerly lived. Less