Water, Salt and Nutrient Interaction in Plant Growth

1)咸水灌溉（3.8dS/m）下橙树蒸散量比淡水灌溉低30%；叶片中磷酸含量低意味着渗透压力抑制吸收和盐水灌溉引起的离子胁迫导致生长下降。2)对柽柳的耐盐性和养分动态进行了研究。施肥量大的树木生长径大于施肥量小的树木。盐灌地块树木氮、钾含量较低，可能是造成该地块树木生长速率较低的原因。3)在砂质土壤上研究了根区土壤基质势差对滴灌叶菜产量和品质的影响。头距为20 ~ 30cm是制作优质蔬菜的适宜范围。4)通过回顾以色列水资源开发、养护和管理的实际情况以及水政治形势，分析未来的水问题。回顾了世界上节水技术最先进的以色列灌溉技术的发展历程。5)考察了再生纸覆盖对小气候、土壤水分和植物生长的改善作用。证实了其在强太阳辐射下具有较高的控制土壤温升的效果。覆膜可提高近地表土层的持水功能。6)TRL概念适用于不受任何生长限制因子和无蒸发损失的密闭室或田间试验作物的最小需水量估算。7)开展了优先流机理的基础研究和化学输运数值模型的构建。根据簇间孔隙结构，提出了优先流化学输运模型的适用范围和条件。

1)Evapotranspiration of orange trees under saline water (3.8dS/m) irrigation was lower than that under fresh water irrigation by 30%. Low content of phosphoric acid in leaf implies growth decline due to uptake inhibition by osmotic pressure as well as ion stress caused by saline water irrigation.2)Salt tolerance and nutrient dynamics of Machilus thu.nbergii were examined. Diameter grown of trees in large amount of fertilizer was higher than that in the smaller. In salt irrigated plots, nitrogen and potassium content rate of trees were low, which might cause low growth rate of trees in these plots.3)The effect of soil matric potential range in the root zone on yield and quality of drip-irrigated leaf vegetable was investigated on a sandy soil field. The favorable range of the head was from 20 to 30cm to make high quality vegetable.4)By reviewing actual states of development, conservation and management of water resources as well as hydro-political situation in Israel, future water issue was analyzed. The process of development of Israeli irrigation technology, which is the most advanced water-saving one in the world, was also reviewed.5)Effect of recycled paper mulch on the improvement of micro-climate, soil moisture and plant growth was examined. Its higher effect to control soil temperature rise under strong solar radiation was confirmed. Water holding function of soil layer near ground surface was increased under adoption of paper mulch.6)TRL concept is applicable for the estimation of the minimum needed water consumption of crops growing in closed chambers or in field experiments without any growth limiting factor and without evaporation losses.7)Basic study on the mechanism of preferential flow and the construction of numerical model for chemical transport was conducted. In accordance with the structure of inter-aggregate porosity, the extent and condition of the application of models for chemical transport in preferential flow were suggested.