The Problem of Rationality in Human Action

(1)为了把人的行为理解为一个统一的事物，采取解释（Auslegung）或理解（Verstehen）的观点是最有效的，这种观点对涉及人的行为的多重理性问题提出了统一的观点。(2)理性绝不是存在于一个静态的、永恒的、自身构成一元论体系的本质之中，而是每时每刻都处于动态的过程之中，因此，把理性预设为某种已经完成的东西的本质论观点是站不住脚的。(3)这种动态的理性概念使得解释技术技能的创造性和原创性成为可能，而不是将其视为不合理的东西，不包括在先前的理性体系中。(4)此外，他性作为理性之外的东西，不应该作为不可叙述的东西而被排除在外，而应该被主题化，关注它如何侵入理性的领域。与此同时，我们不需要，或者说不可能放弃理性。相反，叙述他者的动态活动在理性领域展开。我们相信，创造力的问题是差异性问题的一种变体。(5)理性在动态过程中演进（或旋转），必然导致历史性问题。我们可以考察历史性如何在记忆中的他者问题、文化传统和文化活动的多样性问题中发挥作用，并看到它可以在每种情况下提供一种叙述理性功能的方式。但历史性在多大程度上是“理性的”，我们无法在这个项目中做出判断，我们宁愿计划另一个研究项目，考察历史性的逻辑（特别是在多元性、多重性、相对性、偶然性等问题上）。

(1) In order to understand the human action as a unified thing, it is most effective to take a viewpoint of interpretation (Auslegung) or understanding (Verstehen), which commands the unitary view for the multiple problems of rationality concerning the human action.(2) Rationality consists in anything but a static and eternal essence in itself which makes a monistic system Rather, it is in dynamic process in every moment, so the essentialistic point of view, which presuppose the rationality as something having already completed, is unmaintainable.(3) This kind of dynamic conception of raitonality makes it possible to explain the creativity and originality of technical skills, and not to regard it as something irrational, as not included in the previous system of rationality.(4) Moreover, otherness, as the outside of the rationality, should not be excluded as something unnarratable, but should be thematized concerning about how it trespasses upon the sphere of rationality. And at the same time, we need not, or rather cannot, abandon rationality. Rather the dynamic activity of narrating otherness unfolds in the domain of rationality. We believe that the problem of creativity is a variant of that of otherness.(5) When rationality evolves (or revolves) in the dynamic process, it inevitably leads to the problem of historicity. We can examine how the histiricity functions in the problem of otherness in the memories, problem of the multiplicity of cultural tradition and cultural activities, and see that it can provides a way of narrating the function of rationality in each case. But to what extent the historicity is 'rational', we cannot judge in this project We'd rather plan another research project and examine the logic of historicity (especailly in the problem of plurality multiplicity, relativitiy, contingency, and so on).