Analysis of Angiogenesis for the Intra-Articular Lesions of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders by Mechanical Stress

颞下颌关节疾病的关节内炎症变化分析本研究评估了颞下颌关节疾病患者关节疼痛、磁共振成像增强后椎间盘附着与滑液中一氧化氮生成之间的关系。主观疼痛程度和位置由患者自我评估确定，采用100毫米视觉模拟量表。使用直接抽吸技术从关节上隔室收集滑液。通过Griess反应测定滑液中一氧化氮的产生水平。疼痛程度与后椎间盘附着处造影剂增强相关（n=40, r=0.70， P<0.001）。滑膜液中一氧化氮水平升高与关节高度疼痛和后椎间盘附着明显增强有关。一氧化氮可能是一个关键的介质，功能澄清炎症级联在TMJ区域。雌激素对人滑膜成纤维细胞细胞因子分泌和一氧化氮产生的影响在本研究中，我们利用类风湿性关节炎患者股骨关节滑膜组织研究了雌激素对炎症细胞因子产生、一氧化氮产生和iNOS mRNA表达的分子生物学影响。17b-雌二醇显著抑制培养基中GM-CSF的分泌和亚硝酸盐的产生，且呈浓度依赖性，在10 mM处达到显著水平（p<0.05）。利用RT-PCR技术，在雌二醇（10 mM）存在的情况下，在未刺激和细胞因子刺激的滑膜成纤维细胞培养中可以证实iNOS mRNA的表达。我们的研究结果表明，滑膜成纤维细胞对雌激素的影响敏感，并为其作为免疫调节因子的作用提供了信息。雌激素确实可能对发炎的关节起到保护作用。

Analysis of Intra-Articular Inflammatory changes for Temporomandibular Joint DisordersThe present study evaluated the relationship between joint pain, contrast enhancement of the posterior disk attachment by MR imaging, and nitric oxide production in the synovial fluid of patients with TMJ disorders.Subjective pain level and location were determined by the patient's self assessment using the 100 mm visual analog scale. Synovial fluid was collected from the superior compartment of the joint using a direct aspiration technique. The level of nitric oxide production in the synovial fluid was measured by the Griess reaction.The degree of pain was correlated with contrast enhancement of the posterior disk attachment (n=40, r=0.70, P<0.001). The elevated level of nitric oxide in synovial fluid was associated with high degree of joint pain and prominent enhancement of the posterior disk attachment. Nitric oxide may be a critical mediator that functions to clarify the inflammatory cascade in the TMJ region.Effects or Estrogen on cytokine Secretion and Nitric Oxide production from Human Synovial FibroblastsIn the present study, we investigated the molecularbiological effects of estrogen on inflammatory cytokine production, nitric oxide production, and iNOS mRNA expression using the synovial tissues of femoral joint from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.17b-estradiol significantly inhibited GM-CSF secretion and nitrite production in the culture medium in a concentration-dependent manner which reached significance at 10 mM (p<0.05). Using RT-PCR techniques the expression of the iNOS mRNA could be demonstrated in unstimulated and cytokine-stimulated cultures of synovial fibroblasts in the presence of estradiol (10 mM). Our results suggest that synovial fibroblasts are sensitive to the influence of estrogen and provide information for their role as immunomodulatory factors. Estrogen indeed might exert protective effects in the inflamed joint.