Study on the complex process between cloud physics and cloud chemistry related to global warming and acidification using quasi-real-scale artificial cloud

云形成过程的研究--利用准真实尺度云物理实验系统，对人工云形成的微物理过程进行了研究。这是第一个研究表明，气溶胶是由空气质量中的相对湿度增加激活，激活的气溶胶增长的云液滴凝结增长，而空气质量上升。这也是第一次通过实际测量来定量研究各种参数对云滴谱分布的影响。在某些情况下，用云模式代替实验对云滴生长进行了计算。它使得能够考虑覆盖关于它们的影响参数的宽参数场。为了证实实验结果准确地反映了自然大气中的气溶胶数浓度，进行了云底气溶胶数浓度与云中云滴数浓度关系的空中观测。酸雨的研究--降水的三个形成过程即云滴、要了解酸雨产生的过程，应考虑雨滴和雪粒子。首先，通过在海上的船上进行观测，研究了海雾中云滴的酸化。接下来，使用具有长的垂直矿井的云物理实验系统进行亚硫酸离子的氧化实验。离子被氧化的过程中，他们的通道高达430米高的垂直矿井的顶部。反应速度比实验室用本体溶液的实验快。我们还回顾了有关雪颗粒清除气体的报道，因为雪颗粒被酸化的机制被认为是一个重要的研究课题。

Study on the process of cloud formation - The microphysical process of artificial cloud formation was studied using a quasi-real-scale cloud physics experimental system. This is the first study to show that aerosol is activated by an increase in relative humidity in air mass and that the activated aerosol grows to cloud droplet by condensation growth while the air mass is rising. This is also first study in which the effects of various parameter on the size distribution of cloud droplets have been quantified by actual measurements. Calculations on cloud droplet growth using a cloud model were carried out in stead of experiments in some cases. It enable to consider covering a wide parameter field about their influence parameters. In order to confirm that the experimental results accurately reflect that in the natural atmosphere, aerial observations were carried out to determine the relationship between aerosol number concentration under a cloud base and cloud droplet number concentration in a cloud.Study on acid rain - The acidification mechanism on three formation processes of precipitation, namely, cloud droplet, rain drop and snow particle should be considered in order to understand the process by which acid rain is generated. First, the acidification of cloud droplets in sea fog was studied by observations carried out on a ship at sea. Next, oxidation experiments on sulfurous acid ions were carried out using a cloud physics experimental system with a long vertical mine shaft. The ions were oxidized during their passage up to the top of a vertical mine shaft of 430 m in height. The reaction speed was faster than that in an experiment using bulk solution in the laboratory. We also reviewed reports on gas scavenging by snow particles, as the mechanism by which snow particles are acidified is considered to be an important research subject.