Heavy oil pollution and the bioremediation methods - Heavy oil spilled from the wrecked Russian tanker "Nakhodka" attacked the coasts of Hokuriku district in 1997 -

1997年1月2日，装载1.9万kl c型重油的俄罗斯油轮“纳霍德卡”号在岛根县大岐岛附近被炸成碎片沉没。这艘船在漂流4天后，在福井县三国镇安托附近沉没，在地理上也威胁到石川县的各个海岸。1997年2月8日，在崎崎岛进行空中调查，观察到油污冲刷对海岸造成的损害。Mikuni镇岸边的油层厚度超过了50厘米。为了考察石川沿岸重油冲上岸的情况，我们进行了实地调查，在这次事故中，微生物修复研究取得了显著进展。事实上，在近岸环境的每个污染区域都发现了碳氢化合物降解微生物。从沿海地区分离出来的利用碳氢化合物的细菌。局部降解菌随处抑制，种类繁多。每个物种在当地条件下都有分解重油的作用。这是理解污染地区可持续“生物修复”的关键。泄漏事故发生5年后，降解菌仍然存活，保持活性。

The Nakhodka, a Russian tanker loaded with C-typed heavy oil of 19,000 kl was divided into sections and submerged off Oki Island, Shimane Prefecture on January 2,1997. The bow, after being drifting for 4 days, was wrecked off Anto, Mikuni town, Fukui Prefecture, threatened throughout the various shores of Ishikawa Prefecture geographically as well. Shore damage by oil washing was observed by aerial research of K. Tazaki, as of 8 Feb. 1997. An oil layer at the shore of Mikuni Town reached over 50 cm in thickness. We conducted field surveys in order to examine the conditions of heavy oil washing ashore on the Ishikawa coastline, in this accident, remarkable microbial remediation research had been advanced. In fact, hydrocarbon-degrading microbes were found in each polluted area of the near-shore environments. Hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria isolated from coastal areas. Local degrader bacteria inhibited everywhere with many kinds of species. Each species carries a role ta resolve heavy oil under the local conditions. That is a key to understand the sustainable "bioremediation " for polluted local area. After 5 years of spilled accident, degrader bacteria were still alive to keep the activity.