Studies on the French Encyclopedie - the text and the plates considered from different points of view

本研究考察了像Diderot这样的百科全书编纂者是如何发展出必要的理论论证或实践方法来捍卫他们的百科全书的。通过选择贯穿全书的遗传过程的观点，我们可以揭示出他们的事业的构成要素如下：1)思想链：1745年3月，一份印刷的说明书出现了，宣布一本百科全书的出版，翻译自钱伯斯的《百科全书》。《百科全书》第一卷中所给出的各种知识的谱系树，由于改编自弗兰西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）所提出的方案，比它的英文模型发展得更为充分。2)互文性：通过对布冯和《百科全书》之间联系的研究，我们的目的是展示《百科全书》对自然史研究方法的独创性。3)底片研究：这项工作考虑了如何阅读，搜索和分析图像的问题，例如百科全书中的图像。数码显微镜可以将盘子从25倍放大到175倍，这是一个邀请，让我们重新审视过去的雕刻，看看它的使用是否能让我们更严格地定义雕刻家的具体技术。4)古代记忆艺术的作用：从中世纪到18世纪中期，记忆艺术在欧洲的统治地位几乎无人挑战。受培根作品启发出版的《百科全书》提出了一些关于记忆法传统的基本问题。

This study examines the way in which some encyclopedistes like Diderot developed theoretical arguments or practical methods necessary to defend their Encyclopedice BY choosing the idea of genetic process who runs throughout the whole body of this dictionary, we can expose the constitutive elements of their enterprise as follows:1) Chain of ideas : In March, 1745, a printed prospectus appeared, announcing the publication of an Encyclopedie, translated from Chambers' Cyclopaedia. The genealogical tree of all forms of knowledge, given in the first volume of l'Encyclopedie, is much more fully developed than that of its English model, being adapted from the scheme set out by Francis Bacon. This figure of a tree reveals a growing spread of the system of cross-references in the late 1740s.2) Intertextuality : We aim, through a study of the links between Buffon and l'Encyclopedie, at showing the originality of the encyclopedistes approach to the natural history.3) Study of plates : This work considers the question of how to read, search and analyse images such as that of the Encyclopedie. The digital micro-scope which magnifies its Plates from 25 to 175 times, is an invitation to have a new look at past engraving and to see whether its use enables us to define more rigourously the specific technique of sculptors.4) Role of the ancient art of the memory : From the middle age to the mid-18^<th> century, the art of the memory reigned virtually unchallenged in Europe. The publication of the l'Encyclopedie, inspired by the works of Bacon, raises certain fundamental questions concerning the tradition of the mnemonics.