Elucidation of real situation of environment, diet and human contamination by PBDEs in urban area of Japan

目前，在日本销售的鱼类和食品中存在多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的情况知之甚少。为了调查人类通过饮食接触多溴二苯醚是否显著，在大阪府平田市的两个食品市场中，对出售的鱼、肉和蔬菜中的多溴二苯醚浓度进行了测定。还测定了12名初产妇分娩一个月后母乳中多溴二苯醚的浓度，以确定饮食中发现的多溴二苯醚水平与人类水平之间的关系。在五种鱼类和一种贝类的可食用组织中，多溴二苯醚的浓度在21至1650 pg/g鲜重之间。黄鳍金枪鱼的浓度最高，其次是短颈蛤、鲑鱼、黄尾鱼、鲭鱼和幼黄尾鱼。有趣的是，“在日本的两种养殖鲭鱼样本和北欧水域的鲭鱼样本中，多溴二苯醚的浓度没有统计学上的显著差异。牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉（新鲜重量在6.25和63.6 pg/g之间）以及三种不同蔬菜（新鲜重量在38.4和134 pg/g之间）中的多溴二苯醚浓度明显低于鱼类中的浓度。在人乳中，多溴二苯醚浓度在668和2840 pg/g之间，这与瑞典和其他地方报告的哺乳妇女人群中的水平相当。母乳中的多溴二苯醚浓度与鱼类和贝类的饮食摄入量之间存在强烈的正相关关系，这是通过对妇女食物消费习惯问卷的回答而确定的。这项对日本常见食品的研究结果以及在哺乳期妇女中发现的多溴二苯醚水平引起了人们对鱼类和其他供人类食用的食品中低水平多溴二苯醚污染的担忧。

At present, little is known about the occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in fish and food products sold in Japan. To investigate whether human exposure to PBDEs through the diet is significant, the concentrations of PBDEs were determined in fish and in meat and vegetables sold in two food markets in the city of Hirakita, Osaka prefecture. The concentrations of PBDEs in the breast milk of 12 primiparae nursing women at one month after delivery also were determined to ascertain the relationship between the levels found in the diet and levels in humans. E PBDEs concentrations ranged between 21 and 1,650 pg/g fresh weight in the edible tissues of five species of fish and one shellfish species. The highest concentrations were measured in yellow-fin tuna, followed by short-necked clam, salmon, yellowtail, mackerel and young yellowtail. Interestingly, 」 PBDE concentrations were not statistically significantly different in two cultured mackerel samples from Japan and mackerel collected from northern European waters. E PBDE concentrations in beef, pork and chicken meat (ranging between 6.25 and 63.6 pg/g fresh weight) and hi three different vegetables (ranging between 38.4 and 134 pg/g fresh weight) were significantly lower than the concentrations in fish/ In human milk, 2 PBDE concentrations ranged between 668 and 2,840 pg/g lipid basis, which is comparable to the levels in populations of nursing women reported hi Sweden and elsewhere. There was a strong positive relationship between PBDE concentrations in human milk and dietary intake of fish and shellfish, which was established in the women from responses to a questionaire on food consumption habits. The results of this study of food products commonly consumed in Japan and the levels found in nursing women raises a concern about low level PBDE contamination of fish and other foods intended for human consumption.