Direct analysis of microorganisms involved in the metabolism of multiple aromatic compounds and the production bound residues in soil

本研究旨在建立(1)直接分析土壤中代谢多种底物的微生物类群的方法和(2)直接分析土壤中芳香族化合物降解过程中产生的结合残留物的化学结构的方法。(1)用~(14)&gt；C-苯二酮谱方法测定在果糖或苯甲酸存在下降解苯酚的微生物。在没有其他化学物质的情况下，降解苯酚的微生物主要是变形杆菌的α亚类--泛醌-10。在葡萄糖存在的情况下，除泛醌-10组外，菜醌-8(H4)组是苯酚的降解者。棒状菌科、微球菌科、丙酸菌科和伪卡氏菌科均含有甲喹酮-8(H4)。在苯甲酸的存在下，苯酚的主要降解物与没有苯甲酸的苯酚降解物没有什么不同：没有得到findmgs。该方法能够在多种有机物存在的情况下检测降解一种有机化合物的微生物。这将有助于了解土壤中的微生物群落。用~(13)&lt；13&gt；C-CP/MAS-核磁共振和^&lt；15&gt；N-CP/MAS-核磁共振测定了化合物(^&lt；13&gt；13&gt；NH_4)_2SO_4的化学结构变化。针对秸秆腐植酸分解过程中腐植酸碳组分的变化和S所用土壤腐植酸的碳组分变化，还成功地测定了含氮化合物的变化。同时，还成功地测定了部分森瓦与被认为是惰性化合物的富里酸的结合，以及含有大量多种微生物的纯培养物，成功地检测到了葡萄糖降解菌。发现^&lt；13&gt；C的检出限相对较低，因此需要较高的标记水平。

This study was conducted to develop the methods (1) to analyze directly the microbial groups metabolizing multiple subtrates in soil based on ^<14>C quinone profile and (2) to analyze directly the chemical structure of bound residues produced during the degradation of aromatic compounds in soil.(1)The microorganisms degrading phenol with the presence of plucose orbenzoic acid were determined by ^<14>C quinone profile method. The microorganisms degrading phenol without other chemicais was mainly the group containing ubiquinone-10 that is alpha-subclass of Proteobacteria. With the presence of glucose, the menaquinone-8(H4) group was the phenol degrader in addition to the ubiquinone-10 group. Menaquinone-8(H4) is contained in Corynebacterineae, Micrococcineae, Propionibacterineae and Pseudonocardineae. With the presence of benzoic acid, the major phenol degraders were not different without benzdc acid These: findmgs has not been obtained. This method enabled the detection of microorganisms degrading a organic compounds with the presence of multiple organic compounds. It will contribute to understand the microbial community in soil. Changes in chemical structures of compounds (^<13>C-labeled rice straw and (^<15>_<13>NH_4)_2SO_4) were measured using ^<13>C-CP/MAS-NMR and ^<15>N-CP/MAS-NMR. Changes in ^<13>C-carbon composition in humic acid during the decomposition of nee straw were directed to that of soil humic acid contained in the S used Changes of nitrogenous compounds were also successfully measured A part of Sen wa, incorporated into fulvic acid that has been considered as inert compounds SgTu^cfducose and a pure culture containing multi microorganisms with a large, the microorganisms degrading glucose was successfully detected. The detection limit of ^<13>C was found relatively low so that the higher labeling levels were required.