A Japanese-French comparative study on discussion about the reorganization and integration of subject-the integration and specialization of subject in "discover the world", "social studies", "science education", "technology Education"-

法国小学通识教育的技术学科为一、二年级的“发现世界”和三、四、五年级的“科学与技术”。“发现世界”是1995年引入的一门新学科，在此之前，小学所有班级的学科都是一样的，被称为“科学与技术”。科目名称变了，但教学内容和以前一样。技术和这门新学科之间有着密切的联系；实际内容特别侧重于科技环境。《科学与技术》的内容与以前相同，具体内容是科学教育与技术教育的综合。在初中阶段，科学教育和技术教育的内容被划分为两个学科，因此技术教育成为一门专门的、形成的学科，只在初中阶段触及。这些科目受到法国最近教育改革的影响。“发现世界”是一门综合学科，“科学技术”是一门综合学科，“技术”是一门专门学科。技术内容分为三个学科，但由于它们的教育内容作为技术教育具有生产过程性、系统性和科学性，所以具有一定的逻辑顺序。另一方面，技术教育是综合的、综合的，因为儿童的生命观念是最近法国教育改革（若斯潘改革）的一个焦点。也就是说，法国通识教育中的现代技术教育在教学上超越了“科学”、“系统”和“儿童生命观”的二元论，做到兼而有之。综上所述，技术教育是“科学化、系统化”的基础，但注重“儿童的生命观念”也很重要。

The Technology subject in French general education in primary school are "Discover the world" for the first and second grade and "Science and Technology" for the third, fourth and fifth grade. "Discover the world" is a new subject who was introduced in 1995, until this period, the subject was the same for all classes in primary school and was called "Science and technology". The name of the subject changed but the educational content was the same as before. There is a strong connection between Technology and this new subject ; the actual content is specially focused on Science Technology environment. "Science and Technology" have the same content as before, concretely the content is a synthesis between science education and Technology education. In Junior High School the content of science education and technology education are specialized into two subjects, so Technology education became a proper, formed subject who is touched only in Junior high school. These subjects were influenced by recent educational reform in France. "Discover the world" is an integrated subject, "Science and Technology" a synthesized subject and "Technology" a specialized subject. The content of technology is divided into three subjects but it has a logical sequence because their educational content has a production process, a systematic and a scientific content as technology education. On the other hand technology education is integrate, synthesis because of the children life conception that is a spotlight in recent French educational reform(Jospin reform). In other words the modern technology education in French general education get over the dualism between "Scientific" "Systematic" and "Life conception for children" on didactic, to focus on both points. On conclusion technology education is a basis of "Scientific and Systematic" but it is also important to focus on "Life conception for children".