Survey on Fungous Contamination State in Museum and study on favorable disinfection method for preservation of environment

研究从以下五个方面进行；(1)博物馆真菌污染监测方法的研究；(2)通过气流数值模拟控制环境条件；(3)用较少化学药剂抑制真菌生长的方法；(4)对博物馆真菌污染的实际调查；(5)收集化学杀菌剂对人体健康影响的信息。对3种便携式空气真菌计数器分别进行了重复性、重现性、残留量、准确性和可靠性的研究。此外，还得到了三种方法之间的相关系数。这三种样品在每个吸入体积下都不稳定，在较小的吸入体积下都倾向于不稳定。根据真菌的污染程度选择合适的培养基，发现MA培养基适合于评价瘤体等接近室外空间的真菌污染程度，PDA培养基适合于了解空调条件下博物馆真菌污染程度。本研究明确了真菌的生长受培养基表面含水量的强烈影响。为了抑制真菌的生长，尝试在土壤中施用亲水树脂，以保持土壤表面适宜的含水量。利用红外反射法测定土壤表面含水量，发现土壤表面含水量仍然很高，但土壤表面含水量分布较小。最后，认为亲水性树脂有利于土壤表面不产生露点。对博物馆真菌污染进行了实际调查，结果表明，博物馆真菌污染水平仍低于居住场所。人们认为，测量空气中传播的真菌可以有效地发现真菌在有关房间中的实际生长情况。

Study was done from five points of view as follows ; (1) study on monitoring method of fungous contamination in museums, (2) controlling environmental conditions by numerical simulation of air current, (3) less-chemical method for suppression of fungous growth, (4) actual survey of fungous contamination in museums, (5) collecting information of the effects by chemical biocides to human health.Three portable samplers for counting air-borne fungi were studied in order to know repetitively reproducibility, residual of measuring, accuracy and reliability, respectively. Furthermore, correlation coefficient between three methods was obtained. All three samplers were not always stable in every suction volume and they were inclined to unstable in smaller suction volume. Suitable cultivation media should be selected considering the contamination level by fungi and it was found that MA medium was good for evaluate the fungous contamination level in the space close to outdoor like tumulus, and PDA medium was good in order to know the fungous contamination level in museums under air-conditioning.Under this study, it was cleared that fungous growth were strongly affected by water content of the surface of media. In order to suppress the fungous growth, hydrophilic resins were tried to apply to soil for maintain the suitable water content on surface. Water content of soil surface was measured by infrared reflection method then it was found that water content was still high, but that the distribution of water content was small on the surface. Finally, it was thought that hydrophilic resin was good for not making dew point on the soil surface.Actual investigation about fungous contamination in museums was performed and cleared that contamination in museums were still lower level than in residence. It was thought that measuring air-borne fungi was effective to find the actual growth of fungi in the room concerned.