Development of Reaction and Analysis Systems based on Liquid / Liquid Interfaces

水包油乳状液和单个微滴/水体系中的化学：基于对跨越油/水界面的离子/质量传递的知识，已经开发了单个微滴在水中的新的和新颖的光反应。在以光致电子转移机理(PET)进行的光氰化反应中，在最佳条件下，分散在NaCN水溶液中的含芘和1，4-二氰基苯的苯腈微滴可生成量子产率为0.68的1-氰基苯。微通道芯片中的油/水界面体系：聚合物微通道、微通道-微电极或微通道-微米芯片中的光化学反应、电化学反应和热反应。作为一个典型的例子，在Microc…中通过上述聚酯反应机理进行了芘的光氰化反应。更多的Hannel薯片。在相同流速的微通道芯片上加入相同流速的NaCN水溶液和1，4-二氰基苯-1，4-二氰基苯的碳酸亚丙酯溶液，并对整个芯片进行辐照。光氰化反应在微通道中沿平行溶液流动进行，产率为72%，反应时间为210 S，产物1-氰基吡喃被完全萃取到油相中。激光诱导光热液滴萃取：发展了一种激光诱导微滴形成的新方法，并将该现象应用于溶质的液滴萃取。在光学显微镜下，当三乙胺(TEA)水溶液被聚焦的1064 nm激光照射时，溶液的光热效应产生了单一的TEA微滴。液滴同时被光学捕获。原位拉曼光谱研究表明，在TEA水溶液中存在对氯苯酚时，激光辐照可形成单个微滴，并可同时实现对氯苯酚的液滴萃取。结果表明，单一微滴体系的萃取效率远高于相应的整体溶液体系。在1-丁醇水溶液中也证实了类似的激光诱导液滴萃取。在荧光显微光谱的基础上，用激光诱导的方法同时对低至10-8M的溶质进行了浓缩和检测。较少

Chemistry in Oil-in-Water Emulsion and Single Microdroplets/Water Systems : On the basis of the knowledge about ion/mass transfer across oil/water interfaces, new and novel photoreactions of single microdroplets in water have been developed. In the case of a photocyanation reaction of pyrene via a photoinduced electron transfer mechanism (PET), photoirradiation of benzonitrile microdroplets containing pyrene and 1,4-dicyanobenzene dispersed in an aqueous NaCN solution gave rise to formation of 1-cyanopyrene with the quantum yield of 0.68 under the optimum conditions. Analogous photoreactions were developed for carbazole derivatives and other aromatic hydrocarbons.Oil/Water Interfacial Systems in Microchannel Chips : Photchemical, electrochemical, and thermal reactions were explored in polymer microchannel, microchannel-microelectrode, or microchannel-microheter chips. As a typical example, the photocyanation reaction of pyrene via a PET mechanism mentioned above was conducted in microc … More hannel chips. An aqueous NaCN solution and a propylene carbonate solution of pyrene and 1,4-dicyanobenzene were introduced to a microchannel chip at the same flow velocity and the whole of the chip was irradiated. The photocyanation reaction of pyrene proceeded along parallel solution flow in the microchannel with the yield of 72% and the reaction time of 210 s. Furthermore, 1-cyanopyrene as a product was extracted completely into the oil phase. A photochemical microreactor was thus demonstrated.Laser-Induced Photo-Thermal Liquid-to-Droplet Extraction : A novel method of laser-induced microdroplet formation was developed and the phenomena was applied to liquid-to-single microdroplet extraction of a solute. When an aqueous triethylamine (TEA) solution was irradiated by a focused 1064 nm laser beam under an optical microscope, a single TEA microdroplet was produced by photo-thermal effects of the solution. The droplet was optically trapped simultaneously. In the presence of p-chlorophenol in aqueous TEA solution, laser irradiation gave rise to single microdroplet formation and simultaneous liquid-to-TEA droplet extraction of p-chlorophenol as revealed by in situ Raman microspectroscopy. The extraction efficiency in the single microdroplet system was shown to be much higher than that in the relevant bulk solution system. Analogous laser-induced liquid-to-droplet extraction was confirmed in an aqueous 1-BuOH solution. On the basis of fluorescence microspectroscopy, a solute as low as 10-8 M was simultaneously concentrated and detected by the laser-induced method. Less