BIOLOGICAL BASIS OFTHE PSYCHOSOCIALTREATMENTFOR SCHIZOPHRENIA

为了阐明精神分裂症心理社会治疗的生物学基础，使用统计参数映射（SPM）99进行了结构和生理神经影像学研究。使用基于体素的形态测量法对整个大脑进行的全面评估显示，磁共振成像（MRI）的灰质存在结构差异。结果表明，典型性精神障碍具有与精神分裂症相似但程度较轻的形态学异常。所观察到的共同点，在眶额，内侧颞叶和脑室周围区域的灰质减少可能代表精神分裂症的脆弱性，和内侧额叶区域的额外参与可能是必不可少的，以发展精神分裂症中的精神症状的华丽。提示精神分裂症的发生发展存在颞-额两步过程：颞叶的改变可能构成精神分裂症的易感性，额叶的额外改变可能构成精神分裂症的易感性。 ...更多信息 左叶可能会引起精神病症状。此外，我们还研究了神经影像学方法诊断精神分裂症的可能性。SPM 99的主成分分析提取的模式的灰质变化区分精神分裂症，痴呆症，和对照组。第一种模式将患者扫描与健康对照扫描分开，第二种模式将精神分裂症患者与非典型障碍患者区分开来。听觉事件相关电位采用低分辨率电磁断层成像（LORETA）进行评估。使用主成分分析提取的P300时间范围内区分精神分裂症患者与对照组的皮层激活最大值的模式。神经生理模式也表现出异常的内侧前额叶区域。这些结果表明，神经影像学方法来阐明精神分裂症谱系障碍的脑病理可能是临床诊断的价值。少

In order to elucidate the biological basis of the psychosocial treatment for schizophrenia, structural and physiological neuroimaging studies were conducted using the Statistical Parametric Mapping(SPM) 99. A comprehensive assessment throughout the brain using the voxel-based morphometry showed structural differences in the gray matter of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Results indicated that schizotypal disorder possesses similar but less extent morphological abnormalities to schizophrenia. Observed commonalities of gray matter reductions in the orbital frontal, medial temporal and periventricular regions may represent the vulnerability to schizophrenia, and additional involvement of the medial frontal regions may be essential to develop the florid psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. These suggested the temporo-frontal two-step processes for the development of schizophrenia : the temporal lobe changes may constitute vulnerability to schizophrenia and additional changes in the fronta … More l lobes may elicit psychotic symptoms. Moreover, we studied the possibility of diagnosis of schizophrenia using neuroimaging methods. A principal component analysis of SPM99 extracted patterns of gray matter changes differentiating most among schizophrenia, schizotypal, and control subject groups. The first pattern separated patient scans from healthy comparison scans, and the second pattern discriminated patients with schizophrenia from patients with schizotypal disorder. The auditory event-related potential was evaluated using the Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography(LORETA). Patterns of cortical activation maxima in the P300-timeframe differentiating schizophrenia patients from controls were extracted using a principal component analysis. Neurophysiological pattern also demonstrated pathognomonic abnormalities in the medial prefrontal region. These results indicate that the neuroimaging approach to elucidate brain pathologies of schizophrenia spectrum disorder might be of value for clinical diagnosis. Less