The analysis of gene expressions related to yield in rice bared on genome information

本研究旨在通过对水稻产量相关基因表达和数量性状位点（QTL）的综合分析，阐明水稻高产的相关因素及其品种间的差异。（1）水稻上级和下位颖果中与碳水化合物代谢相关的一些酶基因表达谱存在较大差异，这种差异与胚乳发育阶段密切相关。（2）利用开花后暂时获得的颖果构建的cDNA文库分析表明，一些贮藏蛋白基因在上级颖果中特异表达，而一些富含甘氨酸的蛋白基因在下位颖果中特异表达。（3）对296个糖代谢相关基因的Macmarray分析表明，在颖果发育过程中，有两类基因在颖果发育早期高表达，在颖果发育中期高表达。(4)在39个具有Kasalath染色体片段的导入系中，发现几个导入系在株长、穗数、叶绿素含量和比叶重等性状上与越光导入系存在显著差异。

The object of this research is to elucidate some factors responsible for high yield in rice and its varietal differences analyzing comprehensively gene expressions related to yield in rice and quantitative trait loci (QTL).(1)There were large differences in gene expression profile of some enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism between superior and inferior caryopses of rice and there differences were closely associated with developmental stage of endosperm. (2)Some genes of storage proteins were especially expressed in superior caryopses and, on the other hand, some genes encoding glycine-rich proteins were highly expressed in inferior caryopses based on the analysis using cDNA libraries which were developed with caryopses obtained at temporarily after flowering. (3)Macmarray analysis of 296 genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism showed that there were two types of genes; the one was expressed highly during the early stage of caryopsis development, the other was expressed highly during the middle stage. (4) Several introgression lines which showed significant differences in the traits related to culm length, panicle number chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight from Koshihikari were found in 39 introgression lines with a chromosome segment of Kasalath, in the genetic background of Koshihikari.