New functional properties of organic-inorganic hybrid glasses and their application to photoelectronic devices

主要研究结果如下：（1）测量了聚硅烷-二氧化钛杂化薄膜的光电流。结果表明，由于聚硅烷/二氧化钛界面的光致电荷转移，聚硅烷/二氧化钛杂化薄膜的光电流比聚硅烷/二氧化硅杂化薄膜的光电流提高了约1000倍。这种光电导特性使得将这些杂化薄膜应用于光电器件如光传感器和太阳能电池成为可能。(2)研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备的聚二正己基硅烷（PDHS）/氧化锆杂化薄膜的光学性质。结果表明，PDHS-ZrO 2杂化薄膜的热致变色性受到抑制，且杂化薄膜的折射率n随温度T的升高而不断减小。发现这种杂化材料的热光系数dn/dT为-4 10 ^<-4>℃^<-1>， ...更多信息 dn/dT的e使我们能够将这种混合器件应用于诸如TO开关和光偏转器之类的光学器件中。(3)以四氢呋喃为溶剂，制备了表面经苯基修饰的聚甲基苯基硅烷（PMPS）-SiO_2纳米粒子（np-SiO_2）薄膜。当np-SiO_2浓度从1.68增加到1.47时，可以改变杂化材料的折射率。混合物的溶液涂覆过程使我们能够通过印刷（喷墨）方法制造重要的光学器件，如波导，滤波器和反射器。此外，还发现这种杂化材料中PMPS的有效共轭长度增加了3倍，空穴漂移迁移率比PMPS提高了一个数量级. (4)建立了一种Au纳米粒子分散PMPS杂化薄膜的制备方法。杂化物中Au纳米晶的平均直径约为5 nm，且Au纳米晶的直径呈现非常尖锐的分布。因此，该杂化材料适用于单电子器件和非线性光学器件的制备。(5)聚芴（及其共聚物）与np-SiO_2杂化薄膜的光致发光量子效率和空穴漂移迁移率均有所提高。结果表明，这种杂化方法在改善光感受器、有机薄膜晶体管和有机电致发光器件等器件性能方面具有广阔的应用前景。少

The main results obtained through this research are itemized below : (1) Photocurrent in polysilane-titania hybrid thin films has been measured. It has been found that photocurrent in polysilane-titania hybrid thin films is increased by about 1000 times in comparison with that in polysilane-silica hybrid thin films because of photo-induced charge transfer at polysilane/titania interface. Such photoconductive properties make it possible to apply these hybrid thin films to photoelectric devices such as photosensors and solar cells. (2) Optical properties of hybrid thin films, poly(di-n-hexylsilane) (PDHS) dispersed in a zirconia matrix prepared by a sol-gel method, have been studied. It is found that thermochromism of PDHS is suppressed in the PDHS-zirconia hybrid thin films, and that the refractive index of the hybrid, n, is continuously decreased with increasing temperature, T. The thermo-optic (TO) coefficient of the hybrids, dn/dT, is found to be -4×10^<-4>℃^<-1> and such a high valu … More e of dn/dT enables us to apply the hybrids to optical devices such as TO switches and optical deflectors. (3) Thin films of polymethylphenylsilane (PMPS)-SiO_2 nanoparticles (np-SiO_2) whose surfaces are chemically modified by a phenyl group have been prepared from the tetrahydrofuran solution. The refractive index of the hybrid can be changed by increasing np-SiO_2 concentration from 1.68 to 1.47. The solution coating process of the hybrid enables us to fabricate important optical devices such as waveguides, filters and interleavers by printing (ink-jetting) methods. In addition, it is found that the effective conjugation length of PMPS is increased by three times in the hybrids, and that the hole drift mobility of the hybrid is increased by one order of magnitude in comparison with that of PMPS. (4) It has been established a preparation method for Au nanocrystal-dispersed PMPS hybrid thin films. The average diameter of Au nanocrystals in the hybrid is about 5 nm and the diameter of Au nanocrystals exhibits a very sharp distribution. Thus, the hybrid is suitable for the fabrication of single electron devices and nonlinear optical devices. (5) Hybrid thin films of polyfuorene (and its copolymers) and the np-SiO_2 show the improvement of photoluminescence quantum efficiency and hole drift mobility. It is shown that the hybridization is a promising method to improve device characteristics of photoreceptors, organic thin-film transistors and organic electroluminescent devices. Less