Clarification and standardization of empowerment processes by PHN for supporting and developing groups and communities

我们进行了多维度的研究，包括文献综述、专家访谈和全国范围的问卷调查，以阐明公共卫生护士（phn）对支持和发展团体和社区的赋权过程。主要研究结果如下：至于为市政工作的phn的团体支持活动，授权过程分为三个主要子过程，即1)制定战略和组建小组，2)鼓励小组自愿工作，3)授权小组贡献社区。阐明了三个子过程的详细步骤。使用这些结果进行的全国范围的问卷调查，证实了本研究提取的流程是切实可行的，并且与预期结果显著相关。在建立市职业卫生机构与市职业卫生机构之间的协作系统方面，市职业卫生机构的初级保健护士在建立可靠的、更多的利益相关者之间的关系和协调其活动方面发挥着重要作用。至于雇主雇用的职业保健护士增强工作场所的权能，职业保健护士努力寻找和激励关键人员，分享工作场所的健康需求，并支持他们自愿提出的促进工作场所健康的倡议。启动公司职业健康委员会似乎对就WHP.4措施的方向达成共识是有效的。在促进健康工作场所方面，研究确定了三个主要的支持过程，即1)收集信息、制定策略和建立共识；2)建立可靠的关系，鼓励员工自愿开展健康工作场所活动并给予他们所需的支持；3)评估和推广支持活动。这些研究说明了初级保健护士和初级保健护士为群体和社区赋予权力的过程。对这一领域的进一步研究将有助于取得合格做法的进展，并有助于有效促进健康的社区和工作场所。少

We conducted the multi-dimensional researches, including literature reviews, interviews to experts, and nation-wide questionnaire surveys, in order to clarify empowerment processes by public health nurses (PHNs) for supporting and developing groups and communities. Major results were as follows:1. As for the group support activities by the PHNs working for municipality, empowerment processes were divided into three major sub-processes, i.e., 1) making strategies and forming groups, 2) encouraging groups to work voluntarily, 3) empowering groups to contribute communities. Detailed steps for the three sub-processes were clarified. Nation-wide questionnaire survey using these results confirmed that those processes extracted by this study are practical and significantly related to the expected outcomes.2. As for establishing the collaborative system between municipal and occupational health practices, PHNs working for municipality were revealed to play the important roles in making reliabl … More e relationships among the stakeholders and in coordinating their activities.3. As for empowering workplaces by occupational health nurses (OHNs) hired by employers, OHNs tried hard to find and motivate key persons by sharing health needs in the workplace and to support their voluntary initiatives for workplace health promotion (WHP). Activating a company occupational health committee seems effective for achieving a consensus on the direction of the measures for WHP.4. As for promoting healthy workplaces by OHNs from general health insurance societies (GHIS), three main support processes were identified, i.e., 1) collecting information, making strategies, and building a consensus in GHIS, 2) constructing reliable relationships, encouraging employees to conduct WHP activities voluntarily and giving them needed support, and 3) evaluating and prevailing the support activities.These studies illustrated the empowering process by PHNs and OHNs for groups and communities. Further research on this area will be useful for the progress of the qualified practices and for the effective promotion of healthy communities and workplaces. Less