Pathological study on respiratory infectious diseases in Myanmar

流感流行病学因地理位置和气候而异。流感主要发生在温带的冬季。然而，人们对热带地区，特别是缅甸的流感流行病学和季节性知之甚少。仰光是缅甸的首都，属热带季风气候。我们从2003年9月起在仰光进行了第一次研究，并澄清了这个热带县流感病毒感染的季节性。对有流感样症状的患者采集咽拭子或鼻拭子，并用快速诊断试剂盒和病毒分离进行检测。2003年10月在6例病例中检出乙型流感病毒。2004年6 - 9月在133例患者中检出甲型流感病毒，72例标本中分离出51株甲型流感病毒为A/H3N2。2005年，甲型和乙型流感病毒感染都发生在雨季。分离的甲型流感病毒为H1N1。缅甸的流行病学研究对全球流感监测具有重要意义。缅甸卫生部与新泻大学之间达成的一项合作协议对于继续开展目前的流感监测将具有重要意义。2006年12月19日，我们在仰光举办了第1届b>缅甸-日本生物医学研讨会。

Influenza epidemiology varies according to the geographical location and climate. Influenza occurs mainly during winter in the temperate zones. However, little are known about epidemiology and seasonality of influenza in tropical zones, especially in Myanmar. Yangon is the capital city of Myanmar, and has a tropical monsoon climate.We have conducted the first study in Yangon from September 2003 and clarified the seasonality of influenza virus infections in this tropical county. Throat or nasal swabs were collected from the patients with influenza-like symptoms, and tested with rapid diagnostic test kits and virus isolation. Influenza B virus was detected from 6 cases in October, 2003. Influenza A viruses were detected from 133 patients from June to September, 2004, and 51 influenza A viruses isolated from 72 specimens were A/H3N2.In 2005, both influenza A and B virus infections occurred in the rainy season. Isolated influenza A viruses were H1N1. The epidemiological study in Myanmar is important to global influenza surveillance. A collaboration agreement established between Myanmar Ministry of Health and Niigata University will be of great importance to continue the ongoing influenza surveillance. We had the 1^<st> Myanmar-Japan Biomedical Workshop in Yangon on Dec.19,2006.