Basic Study on Decentralized Society : role of State Governments in the USA and Provincial governments in Canada

1)在政策创新方面，美国州政府和加拿大省政府在过去几十年中不断创新，推出了各种新的项目（如医疗保健和环境保护）。但是，要确定这种创新和成功的原因并不容易，因为每个州和省都试图在不同的环境中引入其方案。2）因此，我们以以下方式开展了我们的研究项目：美国的加藤联邦与州的关系和加拿大的联邦与省的关系，宪法管辖权，政治关系，藤田地方经济与经济发展美国2州教育政策的瑞上行政（纽约州和佛蒙特州）和两个加拿大省（安大略和新玩法）3）我们对这个问题的研究方法是两种方式：案例研究方法和跨学科方法。我们未来需要的是对州/省政府在联邦体系中的作用进行理论分析。

1) With regard to policy innovation, American state governments and Canadian provincial governments are innovative and various new programs (such as health care and environmental protection) are introduced by them in the past decades. But it is not easy to identify reasons of such innovations and success, due to each state and province tries to introduce its program in a different environment.2) Thus, we carried out our research projects in the following manner :Kato Federal-State relations in the USA and Federal-Province relations in Canada constitutional jurisdictions, political relations, and fiscal relations)Fujita Local economy and economic developmentMizoue Administration of education policy in 2 American states (NY and Vermont) and 2 Canadian provinces (Ontario and New Brunswick)3) Our approach to this subject was two way : a case study approach, and interdisciplinary approach。What we need in the future is a theoretical analysis of role of state/provincial governments in federal systems.