Research on Critical Incident Stress Management System for disaster workers

为了了解灾害工作人员的突发事件压力管理现状，并确定从事这些管理项目的工作人员应采取何种教育和培训形式，我们于2004年至2005年在英国、澳大利亚和新西兰进行了实地调查。作为调查的一部分，我们对上述三个国家的救灾组织的代表和工作人员进行了半结构化访谈。访谈的结果表明，这三个国家通常采用两种不同方法的结合：一种是团体方法，另一种是个人方法。然而，即使在采用这两种方法的组织中，也很少有人使用团队方法作为主要技术：大多数使用侧重于个人方法的系统。当使用个人方法时，重点不仅放在专家的支持上，而且放在受过训练的同伴和同伴支持者的支持上。可以总结这三个国家在重大事件压力管理方面的趋势。在这些观察和讨论的基础上，研究了日本关键事件压力管理应采取的理想形式。

To gain an understanding of the current status of Critical Incident Stress Management of disaster workers and to identify what form the education and training of staff members engaged in these management programs should take, we conducted field surveys in England, Australia and New Zealand from 2004 to 2005. As part of the survey, we conducted semi-structured interviews with representatives and workers at disaster relief organizations based in the above three countries.The results of the interviews showed that a combination of two different approaches was generally used in all three countries : a group approach, and an individual approach. However, even in organizations that employed both approaches, few used the group approach as primary technique : most used systems that focused on individual approaches. When using an individual approach, emphasis was placed not only on support by experts but also by trained peers, and peer supporters.Trends in Critical Incident Stress Management in the three countries may be summarized. The ideal form that Critical Incident Stress Management should take in Japan was studied, based on these observations and discussions.