The evolution and impact of Colonial medicines in Modern China

这一研究项目的目的是确认欧洲殖民医学的基本情况;英国的在上海，法国的也在上海，俄罗斯的在大连，本课题的主要研究方法是对19世纪半叶至20世纪半叶日本在中国的殖民医学进行研究，主要是对1950年至2000年日本在中国的档案中所保存的卫生部门的原始资料和文献进行分析，并对这些资料进行整理和整理根据4年的研究结果，我想总结以下几点关于殖民医学和帝国医学在近代中国的作用。台湾和中国的殖民地政府，例如台湾台北、中国上海国际租界、满洲的哈尔滨和大连，对医疗和公共卫生的制度化，在控制这些地区的土著社会方面发挥了重要作用。在我考察的这些地区，特别是在农村地区，“殖民现代性”被强加给了当地社会， ...更多信息 每一个殖民地政府。这一实施过程也是“现代性”的共融过程。在“现代性”的实施和交流之后，反殖民运动也是由包括接受殖民地政府设立的医学院培养的医生在内的本土精英组织起来的。在以往的研究中，医学和公共卫生在近代中国的作用很少受到关注，但殖民医学的影响是非常大的。中国近代医药卫生的基本制度是在世纪后期“日本模式”的影响下形成的。事实上，包括殖民医学在内的日本医学和公共卫生对东亚的影响是不容忽视的，但这并不意味着殖民医学和帝国医学对殖民地的发展有着重要的信息和帮助，因为医学和公共卫生才是干预殖民地/本土社会的最佳工具。医药与公共卫生在这些地区具有双重意义。少

The purpose of this research project is to confirm the basic situation of European colonial medicines; British one in shanghai, French one also in shanghai, Russian one in Dalian, and Japanese colonial medicine in Modern china from the half of 19th century to the half of 20th century.The main method of this project is to analyze the primary sources and documents of public health department that were preserved in the archives of each region.At the result of 4 years research, I would like to conclude the following points on the role of colonial medicine and imperial medicine in Modern china1. The institutionalization of medicine and public health by colonial governments in Taiwan and china, for example Taipei of Taiwan, the shanghai International settlement of china, Harbin and Dairen of Manchuria, played an important role to control native societies in these regions2. In these regions where I examined, especially in the rural districts, "colonial modernity" was forced to the native soci … More eties by each colonial government. The process of this enforcement was also the process of communion of "modernity". After the enforcement and communion of "modernity", the anti-colonialism movement was also organized by the native elites including medical doctors who were educated by medical schools that were established by the colonial governments.In former studies, little attention has been given to the role of medicine and public health in Modern china, but the impact of colonial medicines was very large. And, the basic system of medicine and public health in Modern china was organized under the influence of "Japanese model" from the late 19th century. Actually the impact of Japanese medicine and public health including colonial medicine should not be neglected in East Asia.These conclusions do not mean that colonial medicine and imperial medicine are informative and helpful to the development of colonies, because the medicine and public health were the best tools for intervention to colonial/native societies. The medicine and pubic health had dual meanings in these regions. Less