Development of supercapacitor with hybrid electrodes consisting composites of meso-porous cation and metal oxide

在活性炭、碳化丝活性炭和金刚石电极（BDD）上负载钴纳米粒子，在氢气气氛中热处理后，形成了宽度为5 ~ 50 nm的纳米孔和直径为5 ~ 50 nm的纳米通道。碳材料的这种改性必然会使活性炭的电容增强，并通过锚定效应使氧化颗粒紧载在碳材料上。研究还发现，活性炭上的石墨层是通过碳表面钴颗粒的移动而形成的。提出了石墨层形成机理的模型。活性炭的这种部分石墨化必然导致活性炭的导电性和电容器特性的增强。在800 ~ 1000℃的加热条件下，通过在活性炭和硼掺杂金刚石（bdd）上负载金属纳米颗粒，可以将Co、Ni、Pt等金属非颗粒半掺入活性炭的表层。通过BDD作为测试材料，阐明了金属纳米颗粒对碳材料的精确刻槽现象和碳电容的增加。另一方面，制备了介孔和大孔RuO2。为了使电容器与微型燃料电池杂交，将钌酸纳米片电化学浇铸在电极上，并在试验基础上构建了微型超级电容器。

Nanoholes and nanochannels of 5-50 nm in widths and diameters, respectively, were created on/in activated carbon, carbonized silk activated carbon and diamond electrode (BDD) through heat-treatment in hydrogen atmosphere after loading of cobalt nanoparticles on these carbon materials. This modification of carbon materials must result in the enhancement of the capacitance of activated carbons and the tight loading of oxide particles on the carbon materials by anchor effect. It was also found that graphite layers were formed on/in activated carbons through the moving of the cobalt particles on the carbon surface. A model for the formation mechanism of these graphite layers was proposed. This partial graphitization of activated carbons must lead to the enhancement of both electric conductivity and capacitor characteristics of activated carbons. If the heating condition was controlled between 800-1000℃, the metal nonoparticles (Co, Ni, Pt) could be half-incorporated into the surface layers of activated carbons by the loading of metal nanoparticles on activated carbons and boron-doped diamonds (BDDs). By using BDD as a test material, both the precise grooving phenomena of carbon materials with metal nanoparticles and the increase of capacitance of carbon were clarified.On the other hand, meso- and macroporous RuO2 were prepared. In order to hybridize the capacitor with micro fuel cells, ruthenic acid nanosheets were electrochemically casted on electrodes, and a micro-super capacitor was constracted with them on a trial basis.