Stem cell research in ordermade regenerative medicine for pediatric patients and application of amniotn

(1)利用胃去细胞基质再生食道：自体食道的组织工程已被认为为食道替代提供了一种有前途的策略。在这项研究中，胃去细胞基质(GAM)被用作大鼠食道再生的支架材料。GAM补片移植可以在没有狭窄或扩张的情况下提供令人满意的食道黏膜再生，尽管肌肉再生仍然是未来的挑战(2)Plag网状胶原海绵杂化支架在横隔膜修复中的应用：对于先天性横隔疝的巨大缺陷，有时需要补片闭合。但假体材料的使用可能会导致肉芽肿、过敏反应或感染、疝气复发和胸部畸形。组织工程学可能成为横隔膜修复的一种替代治疗策略，因为再生的自体组织有望与受影响的婴儿一起生长，而不会产生任何排斥…更多的感染或感染。以大鼠为实验对象，评价了以原位组织工程材料为载体的聚(DL-乳酸-乙醇酸)(PLGA)网状胶原海绵杂化支架修复大鼠腹股沟腹股沟的效果。PLGA网状胶原海绵杂化支架能更好地促进自体原位组织再生。大鼠羊膜上皮细胞的神经分化潜能：胚胎来源的羊膜上皮细胞(AEC)被认为是一种干细胞样细胞群，由于在分娩时可以非侵入性地获得丰富的细胞，因此被认为是一种有吸引力的再生医学细胞来源。本研究探讨了大鼠血管内皮细胞的神经分化潜能。在神经诱导后，大鼠AEC的形状发生了戏剧性的变化，投射出树突状结构。免疫细胞化学显示约20%的诱导细胞表达未成熟神经元标记物βⅢ-微管蛋白。大鼠AEC可能已经致力于分化为各种神经系，并且它们在体外可以分化为未成熟的神经元。较少

(1) Regeneration of the esophagus using gastric acellular matrix: Tissue engineering of the autologous esophagus has been thought to provide a promising strategy for esophageal substitution. In this study, gastric acellular matrix (GAM) was used as a scaffold for regeneration of the esophagus in a rat model. GAM patch graft provide satisfactory mucosal regeneration of the esophagus without stenosis or dilatation, although muscle regeneration was still a future challenge(2) Application of PLAG mesh-collagen sponge hybrid scaffold for diaphragmatic repair: Patch closure is sometimes required for the large defect of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. But the use of prosthetic materials may lead to induction of granulation, allergic reaction, or infection, recurrence of hernia, and thoracic deformity. Tissue engineering may become an alternative treatment strategy for diaphragmatic repair, because the regenerated autologous tissue is expected to grow with the affected infants without any rej … More ection or infection. The authors evaluated the efficacy of diaphragmatic hernia repair in a rat model using Poly (DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) mesh-collagen sponge hybrid scaffold which was designed for in situ tissue engineering. The PLGA mesh-collagen sponge hybrid scaffold provided better promotion of autologous in situ tissue regeneration. This could be possibly applied to diaphragmatic repair in substitution for other prosthetic patches.(3) Neural differentiation potential of rat amniotic epithelial cells: Amniotic epithelial cells (AEC) derived from embryos are thought to represent a stem-like cell population and to be an attractive cell source for regenerative medicine, because abundant cells can be obtained non-invasively at delivery. In this study, the neural differentiation potential of rat AEC was investigated. After neural induction, rat AEC dramatically changed their shapes, projecting dendrite-like structures. Immunocytochemically, 〜20% of the induced cells showed expression of an immature neuronal marker, βIII-tubulin. Rat AEC might be already committed to differentiate to various neural lineages and that they could differentiate to immature neurons in vitro. Less