A Study of Leading Edge Schools in England in Comparative Perspectives

本研究的目的是研究如何通过英国的领先伙伴关系计划（LEPP）将教育合作的理念付诸实践。LEPP是一项旨在通过学校之间的合作改善中学和提高学生成绩的计划。LEPP是由教育和技能部（DfES）发起的，其基础是在教育中强调“合作文化”而不是“竞争文化”。在LEPP中，牵头学校和合作学校之间形成了伙伴关系。领先学校，通常被称为前沿学校，是有良好实践记录的优秀中学，合作学校是处于挑战环境中的邻近学校。首先，本研究透过检视相关政策文件，探讨各教育局合作教育政策的发展。其次，介绍了LEPP的具体内容、LEPP在学校开展的活动以及LEPP的效果。该研究特别指出，在许多合作伙伴关系中，学校之间“分享”各种活动是最显著的特征。本研究检视了三份有关“低水平教育合作计划”成效的报告，结果显示学校的态度非常积极，合作带来了互惠互利。第三，根据笔者的访谈，研究揭示了前沿学校校长对合作伙伴关系中学校之间的关系以及合作与竞争的价值的看法。在采访中，校长们强调了学校之间的平等伙伴关系和“相互学习”的文化，并表达了对合作的强烈支持。最后，它讨论了“学校主导的系统领导”的概念，该概念基于大卫霍普金斯的想法，由特殊学校和学院信托基金倡导，该信托基金与DfES一起承担进一步发展LEPP的责任。这也表明LEPP有望成为实现这一概念的驱动因素。在结论中，该研究指出，目前英国基于合作理念的教育改革可以被视为日本等其他国家正在实施的基于学校之间竞争的改革战略的相关替代模式。少

The purpose of this study is to examine how the idea of collaboration in education is being put into practice in English schools through the Leading Edge Partnership Programmes (LEPP) in England. The LEPP is a programme which aims to improve secondary schools and to raise school achievement through collaboration between schools. The LEPP was started by the Department for Education and Skills (DfES) basing on emphasis of' collaborative culture' rather than 'competitive culture' in education. In the LEPP a partnership between lead schools and partner schools is formed. Lead schools, usually called Leading Edge schools, are excellent secondary schools which have a record of good practices and partner schools are neighbouring schools in challenging circumstances.First, this study deals with development of educational policies for collaboration by the DfES by examining related policy documents. Second, it reveals the details of the LEPP, activities in the LEPP in schools and effects of the … More LEPP. Particularly the study points out that in many partnerships' sharing' of various activities between schools is the most salient feature. It examines three reports on effects of the LEPP which indicated that there were very positive attitude among schools and collaboration resulted in mutually beneficial gains. Third, the study reveals, basing on interviews conducted by the author, opinions of headteachers of Leading Edge schools on relations between schools in the partnership and the value of collaboration compared with competition. In the interviews headteachers stressed that equal partnership between schools and culture of 'learning from one another' and expressed strong support for collaboration, Finally, it discusses the concept of 'school-led system leadership' which is based on the idea of David Hopkins and is advocated by the Specialist Schools and Academies Trust that has come to bear responsibility for developing the LEPP further with the DfES. It also indicates that the LEPP is expected to be a driver to realize this concept.In the conclusion the study points out that the current educational reform in England based on the idea of collaboration can be regarded as a pertinent alternative model to reform strategies based on competition between schools that are being implemented in other countries including Japan. Less