A Study of Secondary Education Reform in the United Kingdom : Comprehensive Schools and Diversification Policies

目前在英国执政的工党政府一直在推行一些政策，这些政策的特点是增加新型中学，赋予各个学校更多管理自己事务的权力，并强调家长选择学校。我们对这些政策对综合学校的影响感兴趣。因此，我们试图通过文学评论和访问英国的学校和研究人员来掌握这些政策的主要特点和学校的实际情况。而现任政府的政策，重点是增加新型中学，旨在通过家长的选择和学校之间的竞争来提高学校标准，使英国在经济竞争中生存下来在发达国家，我们可以发现政策的另一个方面，重视对贫困地区和家庭的支持，这些政策是社会主义的特征，更多的是强调福利和支持的民主政策，而政策的另一个方面是遵循强调竞争的新自由主义理想。新型中学正在尝试引入赞助和其他学校的支持，这些支持都集中在国家课程中的特定专业，以形成自己的特色和“精神”。这些特点和“精神”将有助于父母为孩子选择学校。然而，由于这些新型中学是在现有学校的基础上改建或重建的，有些学校甚至失败了，因此它们并没有摆脱前辈的评价，如何克服这种评价似乎是它们未来的挑战。特别是对于那些投入了大量公共资源的学院来说，他们必须证明自己的成本效益。目前，《2006年教育监察法》已于2月提交国会，正在审议中。我们感到非常遗憾，这项研究在这项新立法的最终命运之前就结束了。少

Labour Government, currently in office in the UK has been promoting policies characterized such features as increasing new kinds of secondaxy schools, giving more powers individual schools managing their owa matters, and emphasizing parental choice of schools We axe interested in influences of such policies on comprehensive schools, which have traditionally been supported by labour Party and have become a large majority of secondary schools So we tried to grasp main features of these policies and real conditions of schools through literary reviews and visiting schools and researchers in the UKWhile policies of current government which focus increasing new kinds of secondary schools are aiming at raising school standards through parental choice and competition between schools for the UK to survive economic competition among developed countries, we can find another aspects of policies, attaching importance to support deprived areas and families Those policies are characteristics of socia … More l democratic policies emphasizing welfare and support, while anther aspects of policies are following neo-liberal ideals emphasizing competition.New kinds of secondary schools are trying to introduce sponsorships and another supports from outside schools, and with these supports are focusing on particular specialism within National Curriculum to make their own particular characteristics and ‘ethos'. Those characteristics and ‘ethos' would help parents choose their children's schools. However since those new kind of secondary schools have been remodeled or reestablished from existing, in some case failing, schools, they are not free from their predecessors' evaluation, and how to overcome such evaluation seems to be their future challenge. And especially in the case of academies, which are invested lot of public resources, they must prove their cost-effectiveness.At present, the Education and Inspection Bill 2006 has been introduced into the Parliament in February, and under deliberation. We feel very sorry this study ended before the final fate of this new legislation. Less