A Study of Secondary Education Reform in the United Kingdom : Comprehensive Schools and Diversification Policies

英国工党政府近年来推行的一系列政策，其特点是增加中学的新类型，赋予学校更多的自主管理权，强调家长的择校权，我们关注这些政策对综合学校的影响。因此，我们试图通过以下几个方面来把握这些政策的主要特点和学校的真实的情况：本文通过对英国的文献回顾和对英国学校和研究人员的访问，发现英国政府的政策主要是通过家长的选择和学校之间的竞争来提高学校的办学水平，使英国能够在发达国家的经济竞争中生存下来，而政府的政策的另一个方面是重视对贫困地区和贫困家庭的支持，这些政策是英国社会发展的一个特点， 关于我们 新民主主义政策强调福利和支持，而政策的其他方面则遵循强调竞争的新自由主义理念。新型中学试图引入学校外的支持和其他支持，并在这些支持下专注于国家课程中的特定专业，以形成自己的特色和“精神”。这些特征和“精神”将帮助家长选择孩子的学校。然而，由于这些新型中学是从现有的、在某些情况下是失败的学校改建或重建的，它们不能摆脱对以前学校的评估，如何克服这种评估似乎是它们未来的挑战。特别是在学院的情况下，这是投入了大量的公共资源，他们必须证明其成本效益。目前，2006年教育和检查法案已于2月提交议会，并正在审议中。我们感到非常遗憾，这项研究结束之前，这项新的立法的最终命运。少

Labour Government, currently in office in the UK has been promoting policies characterized such features as increasing new kinds of secondaxy schools, giving more powers individual schools managing their owa matters, and emphasizing parental choice of schools We axe interested in influences of such policies on comprehensive schools, which have traditionally been supported by labour Party and have become a large majority of secondary schools So we tried to grasp main features of these policies and real conditions of schools through literary reviews and visiting schools and researchers in the UKWhile policies of current government which focus increasing new kinds of secondary schools are aiming at raising school standards through parental choice and competition between schools for the UK to survive economic competition among developed countries, we can find another aspects of policies, attaching importance to support deprived areas and families Those policies are characteristics of socia … More l democratic policies emphasizing welfare and support, while anther aspects of policies are following neo-liberal ideals emphasizing competition.New kinds of secondary schools are trying to introduce sponsorships and another supports from outside schools, and with these supports are focusing on particular specialism within National Curriculum to make their own particular characteristics and ‘ethos'. Those characteristics and ‘ethos' would help parents choose their children's schools. However since those new kind of secondary schools have been remodeled or reestablished from existing, in some case failing, schools, they are not free from their predecessors' evaluation, and how to overcome such evaluation seems to be their future challenge. And especially in the case of academies, which are invested lot of public resources, they must prove their cost-effectiveness.At present, the Education and Inspection Bill 2006 has been introduced into the Parliament in February, and under deliberation. We feel very sorry this study ended before the final fate of this new legislation. Less