Critical Review of Contemporary Secondary Education Reform in the U.S.

本研究的目的是调查美国当代学校制度的实证结构问题，特别是综合高中的学校制度，重点关注其社会和教育效果。主要是对20世纪70年代以来的教育改革进行批判性评价。研究的主题是：(1)学校生活特征与其影响之间的不匹配关系，(2)中等教育与高等教育之间的问题衔接，以及(3)学校制度与劳动力市场之间的无效关系。除了回顾每个主题的已发表文献外，我们还重新分析了由国家教育统计中心进行的两项纵向小组调查，即HS$B和NLS。主要成果总结在《当代美国中等教育改革批判回顾》报告中，包括：1美国中等教育的历史发展，2教育机会均等，3高中生的价值观，4中等教育的多元化与文化接触，5中等教育与高等教育的衔接，6大学生特征的变化，7美国中等教育处于十字路口。

The purpose of this research is to investigate empirically structural problems of contemporary school systems in the United States, especially those of comprehensive high schools, focusing on their social and educational effects. It is mainly for evaluating education reform since 1970s critically. Topics examined are (1) mismatched relationship between characteristics of school life and their effects, (2) problematic articulation between secondary education and higher education, and (3) ineffective relationship between school systems and labor market.In addition to reviewing published literature on each topic, two longitudinal panel surveys, HS$B and NLS,conducted by National Center for Education Statistics, were reanalyzed. The major results are summarized in the report Critical Review of Contemporary Secondary Education Reform in the U.S., which incldes : 1 Historical development of American secondary education, 2 Toward equalizing educational opportunity, 3 Values of high school students, 4 Diversification of secondary education and cultural contact, 5 Articulation between secondary education and higher education, 6 Changing characteristics of college students, 7 American secondary education at the crossroads.