Use of functional products from industrial wastes of fruits and vegetables

日本水果的幼果等果蔬工业废弃物中含有大量的多酚类、抗氧化剂等有用的功能产品。在本研究中，对这些功能产物的提取和使用进行了研究。日本珍珠幼果功能性产品的研制日本梨幼果中的多酚含量约为1.2FW%，经高效液相色谱法测定，绿原酸含量约为30%。用80%乙醇提取的多酚提取物在TBA等实验中表现出较高的抗氧化活性。其抗氧化活性是BHT2~3倍。随着果实的发育，日本梨的总酚含量呈下降趋势。可食期果实的总酚含量是幼果的8%~10%，说明香梨幼果是功能性抗氧化产物(多酚类化合物)的良好原料。以日本梨幼果为原料制作了功能茶，并进行了感官测试。功能多酚类化合物用95℃水提取5min。提取物(日本梨茶)具有较高的抗氧化活性。对日本茶的感官测试结果表明，该茶具有适量的甜度，评价员未检测到苦涩味。结果表明，日本梨幼果是以抗氧化剂为基础的功能茶的适宜原料，对人体健康有益。

Industrial wastes of fruits and vegetables such as young fruits of Japanese fruit have large amount of useful functional products such as polyphnoles and anti-oxidant. In this study, the extraction and use of these functional products were performed.1. Make of functional products from young fruits of Japanese pearAbout 1.2 FW% of total polyphenol was found in young fruits of Japanese pear, and about 30% of the polyphenol was found to be chlorogenic acid by HPLC. The polyphenol extract with 80 % alcohol exhibits high anti-oxidative activities in TBA test and so on. The anti-oxidative activities were 2 to 3 times higher than that of BHT.Total polyphenol content of Japanese pear was decreased with the fruits development. The total polyphenol content of edible stage fruits was 8 to 10 % of that of the young fruits.These results suggested that the young fruits of Japanese pear were good materials of the functional anti-oxidative products (polyphenolic compound).2. Make the functional tea from the young fruits of Japanese pear, and sensory test of the tea.The functional tea was made from freeze-dried product of the young Japanese pear fruits. The functional polyphenolic compounds were extracted with 95 C water at 5 min. The extract (Japanese pear tea) had higher anti-oxidative activity. HPLC analysis indicated that the major polyphenolic compound in the tea was chlorogenic acid.Sensory test of the Japanese tea indicated that the tea have proper amount of sweetness, and the panelist had not detected bitterness and astringency.Above results indicated that the young Japanese pear fruit was suitable raw material for functional tea based on anti-oxidative compound, and the tea was good for health.