Training of dynamic visual acuity using vestibuloocular reflex

由于在自然条件下，头部在追逐高速运动目标时会随着眼睛的运动而运动，因此头部运动被认为是比头部静止更好的策略。相反，由头部运动引起的前庭眼反射（VOR）似乎会干扰平滑追踪眼球运动（SP），因为VOR最初是针对头部运动的凝视稳定。为了确定头部运动是否有利于追求一个高速移动的物体，我们检查了动态视敏度（DVA）的一个快速的高速移动的物体与/或没有积极的反旋转和线性头部运动在健康受试者。此外，我们分析了眼睛和头部的运动，以研究VOR，SP和颈眼反射（COR）在这些条件下的贡献。大多数受试者表明，积极的线性头部运动（线性>旋转）明显改善DVA的高速移动的对象。在主动头部运动期间获得较高DVA评分的受试者表明以下特征。1)在主动旋转头部运动期间，COR有助于改善DVA。2)受试者在主动非线性头部运动期间产生更大的非线性SP（大约30度/秒）。3)他们还引发更高的SP（约60度/秒），以追求一个高速（80度/秒）移动的物体下的头部静止的条件。4)他们表示强烈的预期平稳的眼球运动。4)另一方面，它们的线性VOR增益和抑制线性VOR的能力与其他类似。这些结果表明，积极的线性头部运动确实提高了追求一个高速移动的物体的能力，然后预期SP，而不是线性VOR抑制，起着重要的作用。

As the head moves with eyes in pursuing a high-speed moving object under natural conditions, head motion is considered as better strategy than head stationary. On the contrary, vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) evoked by head motion seems to disturb smooth pursuit eye movement (SP) because VOR originally works for gaze stabilization against head motion. To determine whether head motion is advantageous for pursuing a high-speed moving object, we examined dynamic visual acuity (DVA) for a rightward high-speed moving object with/without active rightward rotatory and linear head motion in healthy subjects. Furthermore, we analyzed eye and head movements to investigate the contribution of VOR, SP and cervico-ocular reflex (COR) in these conditions.Most subjects showed that active linear head motion (linear>rotatory) clearly improves DVA for a high-speed moving object. Subjects who made higher DVA scores during active head motion indicated the following features. 1) During active rotatory head motion, COR contributes to improve DVA. 2) Subjects generate larger rightward SPs (around 30 deg/s) during active rightward linear head motion. 3) They also elicit higher SPs (around 60 deg/s) to pursue a high-speed (80 deg/s) moving object under the head stationary condition. 4) They indicated robust anticipatory smooth eye movements. 4) On the other hand, their gains of linear VOR and abilities of linear VOR suppression are similar as the others. These results suggest that active linear head motion certainly improves the ability to pursue a high-speed moving object and then the anticipatory SP, rather than the linear VOR suppression, plays an important role.I will apply these eye-head properties to training of DVA in the actual sport activities.