Observational study of water vapor and ozone in the middle atmosphere by using a quasi-millimeter wave spectroscopic radiometer

水蒸气是引起臭氧催化破坏的HOx分子的来源，在平流层化学中起着重要作用，也是影响中层大气辐射能量平衡的主要温室气体。为了获得平流层水汽的垂直剖面，我们研制了一种22GHz微波光谱辐射计，该辐射计配备了室温HEMT放大器和数字FFT光谱仪。在没有任何冷却系统的情况下，该辐射计显示出良好的接收机性能，并且与冷却辐射计系统相比，仪器的便携性大大提高。辐射计使我们能够从海平面上的地面日夜观测平流层的水蒸气。

Water vapor plays an important role in stratospheric chemistry as a source of HOx molecules that cause catalytic ozone destruction, and is also major greenhouse gas that affects the radiative energy balance in the middle atmosphere. In order to obtain the vertical profiles of stratospheric water vapor, we have newly developed a 22GHz microwave spectroscopic radiometer equipped with room temperature HEMT amplifiers and a digital FFT spectrometer. The radiometer shows good receiver performance without any cooling system, and the portability of the instrument is drastically improved compared with cooled radiometer systems. The radiometer allows us to observe the stratospheric water vapor through day and night from ground at sea level.