Econometric studies of scale and scope economies and technical change in Japanese universities.

在本研究项目中，主要研究结果总结如下。首先，回顾了日本大学的相关数据，指出产业组织理论对于重新审视文部科学省的大学管理政策是有用的。其次，利用81所国立大学和107所私立大学的面板数据，联合估计了一个超越对数成本函数与成本分担方程，我们发现存在规模经济和范围经济。第三，基于全国高校的面板数据，估计了一个随机前沿成本函数，发现存在成本无效率。第四，利用全国大学的时间序列数据，基于DOLS和FMOLS，估计了Cobb-Douglas生产函数，发现大学教育的技术变化率在0.4%~ 0.8%之间。

In this research project, the main findings are summarized as follows. First, I reviewed some data on Japanese universities and pointed out that the industrial organization theory is useful to reexamine the university administration policies of the Ministry of Education Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Second, utilizing panel data from 81 national universities and 107 private universities, a translog cost function was jointly estimated with the cost share equations, and we find that scale and scope economies exist. Third, a stochastic frontier cost function was estimated based on panel data of national universities, we find that the cost inefficiency exist. Fourth, utilizing aggregate time series data of national universities, a Cobb-Douglas production function was estimated based on DOLS and FMOLS, and we find that the rate of technical change of university education is around 0.4% to 0.8%.