Institutionalizing testing and research institutes, learned societies, and engineers' associations : University-industry-government collaboration in prewar Japan

本项目分析了战前日本测试和研究机构、学会、工程师协会和高等教育机构的制度化。因此，报告证实，从1910年代到1920年代，每年建立的测试和研究机构、学会和工程师协会的数量以及高等教育机构自然科学毕业生的数量急剧增加。这些事实表明，在这一时期，日本社会建立了更高层次的研究与开发体系。此外，半导体技术和高频加热技术的两个历史案例研究提供了大学-产政合作从战前，战争到战后发展的事实，并促进了新业务的创造。

This project analyzes the institutionalization of testing and research institutes, learned societies, engineers' associations, and higher educational institutions in prewar Japan. Consequently, it confirms that the number testing and research institutes, learned societies and engineers' associations established annually, and that of graduates from higher educational institutions in the natural sciences, increased drastically from the 1910s to 1920s. These facts infer that the higher system of research and development was established in Japanese society during these periods. Besides, the two historical case studies of semiconductor technology and high frequency heating technology provide the facts that University-industry-government collaboration developed from the prewar, the War to the postwar period and it promoted the creation of new business.