International Comparative Studies of Language Policy History

我们比较了欧洲、语言政策发达地区和其他地区（特别是亚洲）之间广义的语言政策，不仅包括政府政策，还包括大众层面的语言运动，并将语言分为三种类型：民族和民族语言、贸易和帝国语言以及少数民族语言。我们发现，政府的政策是重要的，但不是决定性的，人们的积极接受或鼓励等其他因素也很重要。

We compared broadly defined language policies, including not onlygovernmental policies but also language movements on a popular level, between Europe, well developed regions of language policies and other regions, especially Asia, categorizing 3 types of languages : national and nationality languages, trade and imperial languages, and minority languages. What we have found is that governmental policies are important, but not decisive and that other factors like people's positive acceptance or encouragement are important.