Fundamental Research on Developing Question-and-Answering Communication Skills in Oral Presentations

本研究通过对留学生（日语二语学习者）和日本留学生的意识调查和会话数据的分析，探讨了他们在口头陈述问答环节中的说话者-提问者互动的各种特点和问题。演讲者遇到的困难包括当使用不熟悉的术语或提问者的意图无法理解时如何回应以及对提问者犹豫不决。问答环节的数据显示，当主持人试图通过重新确认问题和评论来恢复中断的对话时，主持人的态度是积极的;然而，当主持人沉默或反复使用填充语时，提问者会完全领先并试图恢复对话。这些结果表明，自信的沟通的必要性，由一个演示者产生更多的积极时间的问答环节。

This study examined the various characteristics and problems regarding speaker-questioner interaction in question-and-answer (Q&A) sessions of oral presentations by international students (L2 learners of Japanese) and Japanese students through surveys of consciousness and analysis of conversation data. Difficulties encountered by presenters included how to respond when unfamiliar jargon was used or the questioner's intension was incomprehensible and hesitation towards questioners. The Q&A session data showed positive attitudes from presenters when attempting to recover a halted conversation through reconfirming questions and comments; however, when the presenter was silent or repeatedly used fillers, the questioner would take full lead and try to recover the conversation. These results indicate the necessity of assertive communication by a presenter to produce more active time for Q&A sessions.