Medievalism and Japonisme in Victorian England and Japan in the Meiji Period: The Art of the Pre-Raphaelites

1862年在伦敦举行的国际展览引发了对日本事物的狂热。提倡中世纪主义的建筑师和设计师发现了欧洲中世纪艺术和日本手工艺品之间的亲和力。D·G·罗塞蒂于1848年与六位艺术家一起创立了前拉斐尔派兄弟会，他开始收集日本浮世绘和其他东西。对日本东西的崇拜在19世纪90年代达到了顶峰。日本文人和艺术家对19世纪90年代拉斐尔派前中世纪主义运动下的“为日本而战”运动和20世纪为艺术而艺术的潮流着迷。像藤岛武士和青木茂这样的艺术家深受拉斐尔派前装饰性的影响，他们的中世纪主义和唯美主义创作了现代日本装饰画。装饰性是维多利亚时代对日本东西的崇拜和日本对前拉斐尔派的崇拜之间的一种品质。

The 1862 International Exhibition in London triggered the cult for things Japanese, Japonisme. Architects and designers, who advocated medievalism, found the affinity between European medieval art and Japanese artefacts. D. G. Rossetti, who had founded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood with six artists in 1848, began to collect Japanese ukiyoe and things. The cult for things Japanese reached its climax in the 1890s. Japanese literati and artists were fascinated by the Pre-Raphaelite medievalism under "Japan for the Japanese" movement in the 1890s and a trend of art for art's sake in the 1900s. Artists such as Takeji Fujishima and Shigeru Aoki were much influenced by the Pre-Raphaelite decorativeness in their own medievalism and aestheticism to produce modern Japanese decorative painting. The decorativeness is a quality which bridged between Victorian cult for something Japanese e and Japanese cult for the Pre-Raphaelites.