Auswirkungen der Gasdynamik auf den Gravitationslinseneffekt von Galaxienhaufen; Bestimmung physikalischer Haufeneigenschaften durch Analyse des Linseneffekts und des Haufengases

鉴于对基本宇宙学参数的相当精确的了解，宇宙中96%的物质是冷暗物质似乎是不可避免的，宇宙的膨胀是由某种形式的暗能量驱动的，这种暗能量可能用宇宙常数或某种更一般的精粹形式来描述，也可能用不了。两个重要的宇宙学问题与暗物质的组成和暗能量的性质有关。星系团是研究这些问题的重要对象，因为它们仍在进化，因此反映了自暗能量开始主导宇宙膨胀以来的结构形成速度，并且它们的核心一直由暗物质主导。强引力透镜是分析星团最有前途的方法之一，因为它对物质分布的细节具有非线性敏感性。星系团内气体会擦除星系团的子结构，使星系团的质量分布对称，从而严重影响星系团的强透镜性质。通过不含或含气体成分的星团模拟，我们将量化这种影响，并研究强透镜效应与星团内气体相关的星团观测之间的关系，如x射线发射和热Sunyaev-Zeldovich效应。

Given reasonably precise knowledge of the fundamental cosmological parameters, it seems inevitable that 96% of the matter in the universe is cold dark matter, and that the expansion of the universe accelerates, driven by some form of dark energy which may or may not be described by a cosmological constant or some more general form of quintessence. Two important cosmological questions regard the composition of the dark matter and the nature of the dark energy. Galaxy clusters are an important class of objects for studying these questions because they are still evolving, thus reflecting the structure formation rate since dark energy started dominating the cosmic expansion, and they are dominated by dark matter well into their cores. Strong gravitational lensing is among the most promising methods for analysing clusters because of its non-linear sensitivity to the details of the matter distribution. The intracluster gas may erase cluster substructures and symmetrise cluster mass distributions and thus severely affect the strong-lensing properties of clusters. Using cluster simulations without and with the gas component, we will quantify this influence and investigate the relation between strong lensing and cluster observables related to the intracluster gas, like the X-ray emission and the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect.