Medico-legal studies of DNA typing from a fingerprint

为了提高微卫星（STR）多态性检测方法的灵敏度，并尝试从单一指纹中检测DNA类型，本研究首先进行了提高PCR检测STR多态性方法灵敏度的研究。将双重PCR方法和PEP-PCR方法与普通PCR方法进行比较，双重PCR和PEP-PCR的灵敏度比普通PCR高约10倍。然后，我们尝试从附着在载物玻片、金属板（不锈钢）、纸张和聚苯乙烯板表面的指纹中检测STR类型。结果表明，我们能够从单一的指纹在这些材料的表面上检测STR类型，通过本双重PCR方法。Centricon 50超滤后硅胶过滤纯化对于PCR前的模板制备是有效的。铝粉或茚三酮显色剂对本方法无影响。

In the present study, we have improved the sensitivity of the method for detecting microsatellite (STR) polymorphisms, and attempted the detection of the DNA types from a single fingerprint.We conducted at first to improve the sensitivity of the method for detecting STR polymorphisms by PCR. A dual-PCR method and a PEP-PCR method were compared with the ordinary PCR method, and the dual-PCR and the PEP-PCR were approximately ten times as more sensitive than the ordinary PCR. Then, we attempted to detect STR types from fingerprints attached on the surface of objective slides, metal plates (stainless steel), paper sheets and polystyrene sheets. As the results, we were able to detect STR types from a single fingerprint on the surface of those materials by the present dual-PCR method. The Centricon 50 ultrafiltration followed by the silica filter purification was effective for the template preparation before PCR. Aluminum powder or the Ninhydrin reagent used for visualizing fingerprints were not influenced to the present method.