Administrative Supplement Request to Lifespan Cardiovascular Risk Exposures and Alzheimer-related Brain Health

心血管（CV）风险因素的突然变化，特别是饮食质量、体力活动水平和 睡眠卫生，通常伴随着中年和老年人手术等急性医疗事件 成年人了这些突然的变化与较差的长期认知和大脑结果有关。新冠病毒- 19大流行引起了另一种版本的突然变化：大量健康的成年人被限制在 在家里呆了很长一段时间，改变了他们的食物购物模式，餐馆吃饭，运动， 运动参与，以及由于家庭监禁令及其挥之不去的后遗症而睡眠。COVID 19 大流行正在促进CV和生活方式因素的一种新的不同形式的突然变化， 其影响尚不清楚。我们在本补充中的直接目标是严格评估 与Covid-19大流行相关的突然CV风险因素变化，长期目标是评估 这种心血管变化与认知和大脑变化之间的关系， 队列。该补充将使用经过验证的技术来客观评估与新冠肺炎相关的饮食变化， 体力活动和睡眠的黑人和白色男性和女性在中年谁参加了 博加卢萨心脏研究（BHS）参与者，并已同意接受CV风险因素的纵向评估， 大脑结果和认知结果，通过他们在父母补助金（RO 1 AG 041200）登记。我们将 为250名BHS参与者提供能够评估睡眠质量和身体状况的腕戴式加速计， 活动实现（ActiGraph WGT 3X+）以及远程食物摄影方法©通过 智能手机应用程序（SmartIntake®应用程序）。身体活动和睡眠质量将客观地 在7天的时间内测量，在4天的时间内食物摄入。这些数据，加上此前 通过早期对队列的扫描，对饮食、身体活动和睡眠质量进行评估， 校准和分析这三个心血管风险因素因新冠肺炎大流行而发生的变化。这些数据将 使我们能够评估这种突然的CV风险变化对认知和大脑结果以及种族的影响 这种关联的差异，以澄清流行病相关的生活方式对公共卫生的长期影响 变化该补充材料收集的数据有效地利用了母公司补助金（重点关注CV风险， 大脑结果）在大量少数民族代表（35%非洲裔美国人）的人群中， 确定新的生活方式干预的目标，以便在未来的大流行中迅速部署和扩大规模， 保持健康的方法。利用NIH对博加卢萨心脏研究的长期投资， 研究流行病相关CV风险因素突然变化对认知功能影响的最佳方法 和大脑健康。

Sudden changes in cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, especially diet quality, physical activity attainment, and sleep hygiene, commonly accompany acute medical events such as surgeries among middle aged and older adults. These sudden changes are associated with poorer long-term cognitive and brain outcomes. The Covid- 19 pandemic caused a different version of sudden change: large numbers of healthy adults became confined to the home for extended periods of time, changed their patterns of food shopping, restaurant eating, sports and exercise engagement, and sleep due to home confinement orders and their lingering after-effects. The Covid19 pandemic is promoting a new and different form of sudden change in CV and lifestyle factors, the health impacts of which are not clear. Our immediate goal in this supplement is to rigorously assess the extent of sudden CV risk factor changes associated with the Covid-19 pandemic, with a long-term goal of assessing relationships between such cardiovascular changes and cognitive and brain changes in a large epidemiological cohort. This supplement will use validated technologies to objectively assess Covid-19-related changes to diet, physical activity, and sleep among black and white men and women in mid-life who have participated in the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) participants, and already consented to longitudinal assessment of CV risk factors, brain outcomes, and cognitive outcomes via their enrollment in the parent grant (RO1 AG041200). We will provide 250 BHS participants with wrist-worn accelerometers capable of assessing sleep quality and physical activity attainment (ActiGraph WGT3X+) as well as Remote Food Photography Methods© implemented via a smartphone application (the SmartIntake® app). Physical activity and sleep quality will be objectively measured over a 7-day period, and food intake over a 4-day period. This data, together with previous assessments of diet, physical activity, and sleep quality from earlier sweeps through the cohort, will position us to calibrate and analyze changes in these three CV risk factors due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This data will position us to assess effects of such sudden CV risk changes on cognitive and brain outcomes, as well as race disparities in this association, to clarify the long-term public health impact of pandemic-related lifestyle changes. The data collected by this supplement efficiently leverages the parent grant (focused on CV risks and brain outcomes) in a population with substantial minority representation (35% African-American) and could identify targets for a novel lifestyle intervention to be rapidly deployed and scaled in a future pandemic as a way to preserve health. Leveraging the long-standing NIH investment in the Bogalusa Heart Study is the optimal approach for investigating the effects of pandemic-related sudden CV risk factor changes on cognitive and brain health.