Shedding light on brain circuits mediating navigation of the odor plume in a natural environment

项目摘要 由于气味浓度的不可预测变化，在气味羽流中导航是一项复杂的任务。的 生物体用来导航气味羽流的算法以及大脑如何解决这个问题仍然是个谜 复杂的感觉运动任务的关键逃跑，交配和进食是未知的（1）。这个问题具有挑战性 因为它需要平行监测：1）在自由移动的大脑中多个大脑区域的大脑活动 动物，2）气味羽动力学，3）嗅闻和4）动物运动。虽然光学成像是一种有吸引力的 解决方案，在自由移动的动物中成像多个大脑区域的神经活动目前是不可能的 使用商业或定制的微型内窥镜（2）。 我们的气味羽神经光子学（OPEN）跨学科团队的成员开发了一种新颖的双光子 一种用于自由移动小鼠大脑活动3D成像的光纤耦合显微镜， NIH BRAIN U 01和NSF NCS：基金会资助（3）（Bright、吉布森、Gopinath和Restrepo）， 在实验室中量化现实气味环境，以探索用于气味引导导航的算法 在NSF创意实验室的资助下，“破解嗅觉密码”（Crimaldi）（4）。在这里，我们利用 团队的广泛专业知识，以破解气味羽流导航的电路基础。我们将开发一个多站点 微型3光子纤维耦合显微镜（3 P-FCM）记录两个脑中四个脑部位的神经元活动 平面视图。此外，OPeN还将开发一种便携式光电离（PID）传感器来检测气味物 当动物在气味羽流中航行时，最后，Open团队成员将开发 贝叶斯分析方法解码气味羽导航从神经活动。OPEN咨询委员会 包括来自康奈尔大学和伦敦大学学院等大学的教师， 包括NSF NeuroNex Hubs两名主管。 在这里，我们要求资金，以培训博士丹尼尔拉米雷斯戈迪略研究前肢达到在香味液滴 使用Neuropixels和闭环光遗传学完成任务。这一研究经验将得到补充 接受专业培训，旨在为他提供获得K 01赠款的技能， 促进他作为一个独立的系统神经科学家使用最先进的方法的发展。

Project Summary Navigating within an odor plume is a complex task due to unpredictable changes in odor concentration. The algorithms used by organisms to navigate the odor plume remain mysterious and how the brain solves this complex sensorimotor task key to escaping, mating and eating is unknown (1). The problem is challenging because it requires parallel monitoring of: 1) brain activity in multiple brain regions in the freely moving animal, 2) odor plume dynamics, 3) sniffing and 4) animal motion. While optical imaging is an attractive solution, imaging neural activity in multiple brain regions in the freely moving animal is currently impossible with either commercial or custom miniscopes (2). Members of our Odor Plume Neurophotonics (OPeN) interdisciplinary team developed a novel two photon fiber-coupled microscope for 3D imaging of brain activity in the freely moving mouse under funding from an NIH BRAIN U01 and an NSF NCS:FOUNDATIONS grant (3)(Bright, Gibson, Gopinath and Restrepo) and quantified realistic odor environments in the laboratory to explore algorithms used for odor-guided navigation under funding by an NSF Ideas Lab “Cracking the Olfactory Code” (Crimaldi)(4). Here, we leverage the extensive expertise of the team to crack the circuit basis for odor plume navigation. We will develop a multi-site miniature 3-photon fiber coupled microscope (3P-FCM) to record neuronal activity in four brain sites in two planes of view. In addition, OPeN will develop a portable photoionization (PID) sensor to detect the odorant concentration at the nostril as the animal navigates the odor plume. Finally, OPeN team members will develop a Bayesian analysis method to decode odor plume navigation from neural activity. The OPeN advisory board includes faculty from universities such as Cornell University and the University College of London, and will include two Directors of NSF NeuroNex Hubs. Here we ask for funds to train Dr. Daniel Ramirez-Gordillo studying forelimb reach in the scented droplet reach task using Neuropixels and closed loop optogenetics. This research experience will be complemented with professional training with the aim to furnish him with the skills to obtain funding for an K01 grant to catalyze his development as an independent systems neuroscientist using state of the art approaches.