Biobehavioral Processes Involved in Social Communication, Connectedness, and Adolescent Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors

项目摘要。在美国，自杀是第二大死亡原因， 每年有7，000名10-24岁的人自杀。重要的是，这些数字在年轻人中正在上升， 严重的自杀想法和行为（STBs）的发生率令人震惊，特别是在青春期女孩中。 理论和实证研究都表明，社会因素在青少年自杀风险中起着假定的作用。 此外，先前的研究涉及社会沟通-在社交过程中交换的面部和非面部线索， 互动-在这些社会因素中（例如，连通性）。然而，研究细粒度的生物行为 在互动过程中参与社会沟通的过程是非常有限的。这项提案的目的， 因此，采取多单元分析方法来研究青春期女孩的社会交往 在实际的社会交往过程中的生产和接收，并确定是否改变生物行为 参与社会交往的过程直接和独立地有助于女孩随后的（一）一天- 今天的社会联系和（ii）STB。另一个探索性的目标是检查这些 生物行为过程通过其对日常社会联系的影响间接影响女孩的性传播疾病。 生物行为过程将包括特定的行为（即，眼睛注视和面部情感）和生理（即， 皮肤电活动[EDA]和瞳孔扩张）过程。因此，这项建议将审查， 表现出社交沟通中断（即，减少眼睛注视，积极的面部情感和EDA互惠; 减弱的凝视相关的积极面部情感和EDA反应）将不太可能表现出未来的日常生活， 与父母和同龄人的日常社会联系（假设1）。接下来，这项提案将研究女孩是否 那些在社会交往中表现出同样的生物行为过程中断的人， 可能报告未来STB发作（假设2）。最后，探索性分析将检查日常社会 社会沟通缺陷增加女孩STB的潜在机制是脱节 风险拟议研究的参与者将是从R 01赠款中抽取的少女， 在实验室为基础的父母-青少年互动任务与女孩（11-13岁），后续评估 两年后（13-15岁）对日常社会联系的生态学瞬时评估， 在初次评估后2年（13-15岁）和3年（14-16岁）进行评估。时的样本量 基线包括129对，在2年随访时保留了119对。三年随访 评估正在进行中。在该领域领先专家的指导下， 调查独立性包括：生态瞬时评估、移动的眼球跟踪、纵向数据 分析和专业发展。这种细致入微的综合研究对于 识别可用于治疗的风险机制，以降低关键窗口期间的STB风险 风险。

PROJECT SUMMARY. In the United States, suicide is the second leading cause of death with approximately 7,000 suicides occurring annually among those aged 10-24. Critically, these numbers are rising among youth, and rates of serious suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are staggering, particularly among adolescent girls. Both theory and empirical research suggest that social factors play a putative role in risk for suicide among youth. Moreover, prior research implicates social communication – facial and non-facial cues exchanged during social interaction – in these social factors (e.g., connectedness). Yet, research examining fine-grained biobehavioral processes involved in social communication during interaction is extremely limited. The goal of this proposal, therefore, is to take a multiple-units-of-analysis approach to examine adolescent girls' social communication production and reception during actual social interactions, and determine whether alterations in biobehavioral processes involved in social communication directly and independently contribute to girls' subsequent (i) day- to-day social connectedness and (ii) STBs. An additional, exploratory aim will be to examine whether these biobehavioral processes indirectly impact girls' STBs through their effects on day-to-day social connectedness. Biobehavioral processes will include specific behavioral (i.e., eye-gaze and facial affect) and physiological (i.e., electrodermal activity [EDA] and pupil dilation) processes. Thus, this proposal will examine whether girls who demonstrate disrupted social communication (i.e., reduced eye-gaze, positive facial affect, and EDA reciprocity; attenuated gaze-contingent positive facial affect and EDA responses) will be less likely to exhibit future day-to- day social connectedness with parents and peers (Hypothesis 1). Next, this proposal will examine whether girls who demonstrate disruptions in the same biobehavioral processes involved in social communication will be more likely to report future STB onset (Hypothesis 2). Finally, exploratory analyses will examine day-to-day social disconnectedness as a potential mechanism through which deficits in social communication increase girls' STB risk. Participants for the proposed study will be adolescent girls drawn from an R01 grant, involving multimodal assessment during a laboratory-based parent-adolescent interaction task with girls (aged 11-13), follow-up ecological momentary assessment of day-to-day social connectedness two years later (aged 13-15), and STB assessments two (aged 13-15) and three years (aged 14-16) after the initial assessment. The sample size at baseline comprised 129 dyads, and 119 dyads were retained at the two-year follow up. Three-year follow-up assessments are ongoing. Under the guidance of leading experts in the field, training areas to facilitate future investigative independence include: ecological momentary assessment, mobile eye-tracking, longitudinal data analysis, and professional development. This type of nuanced, integrative research is essential to the identification of mechanisms of risk that can be therapeutically targeted to reduce STB risk during key windows of risk.