Wastewater Detection of COVID-19

当面临SARS-冠状病毒-2（SAR-CoV-2）等大流行病时，这种病毒是COVID-19的罪魁祸首， 需要及时进行风险评估并采取行动，以防止对整个社区的公共卫生产生影响。 由于感染者可能无法获得检测或可能没有症状， 意味着死亡，需要采取积极主动的方法来检测病毒，以制定公共卫生战略， 病毒传播。最近的研究在污水中检测到了SAR-CoV-2遗传物质，并证明了 病毒标志物浓度与报告病例之间的正相关性1 -5。冠状病毒 下水道监测项目（CSSP）是一项合作努力，监测下水道的遗传指标， 废水中的COVID-19，以提供有关病毒循环的额外人口水平信息， 通过临床试验捕获。未经处理的废水（进水）样品每周从选择筛选 污水处理厂和有针对性的微型污水处理厂进行检测和“真正”的流行。集会设施提供 独特的研究机会，因为他们是受控人群， 感染是可以定义的。我们的团队将利用对聚集设施的详细监测来确定 每个病人的贡献和寿命的SARS-COV-2 RNA的废水1）增加的数量， 设施测试，2）改变采样频率，3）比较下水道数据 收集到临床患者病例数据。 虽然SARS-COV-2的贡献/患者在社区之间存在差异，但存在明显的离群值， 在废水中产生很少或不产生遗传物质的社区，尽管存在已知的 爆发这种信号丢失的原因尚不清楚，因此我们的团队将确定导致SARS的因素- 废水中的COV-2信号抑制，通过1）定义废水中遗传物质的物理性质， 为了更好地了解可能抑制信号的因素类型，2）在 信号受到抑制的污水处理厂以及人口和行业相似的其他设施 人口统计数据作为具有抑制信号的那些以缩小信号抑制的来源，3）执行 详尽的化学表征，将来自受抑制地点的废水与来自 不是为了鉴定可能引起抑制的候选化合物，以及4）获得或产生 候选抑制剂，并测试它们抑制来自病毒遗传物质的信号的能力， 实验设置。

When faced with a pandemic such as SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SAR-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19, timely risk assessment and action are required to prevent public health impacts to entire communities. Because infected individuals may not have access to testing or may be asymptomatic and contraction can mean death, a proactive approach to detect the virus is needed to develop public health strategy to mitigate virus spread. Recent studies have detected SAR-CoV-2 genetic material in sewage and demonstrate a positive correlation between the concentration of viral markers and reported cases1-5. The Coronavirus Sewershed Surveillance Project (CSSP) is a collaborative effort to monitor sewersheds for genetic indicators of COVID-19 in wastewater to provide additional, population-level information about virus circulation that is not captured by clinical testing. Untreated wastewater (influent) samples are screened weekly from select sewersheds and targeted micro-sewersheds for detection and “true” prevalence. Congregate facilities provide unique opportunities for study because they are controlled populations where the precise number and timing of infections can be defined. Our team will utilize detailed monitoring of congregate facilities to define the precise per patient contribution and longevity of SARS-COV-2 RNA to wastewater by 1) increasing the number of facilities tested, 2) altering the frequency at which samples are collected, and 3) comparing sewershed data collected to clinical patient case data. Although SARS-COV-2 contribution/patient varies among communities, there have been clear outlier communities that produce little or no genetic material in the wastewater despite the presence of known outbreaks. The reason for this lost signal is not known, so our team will define factors that contribute to SARS- COV-2 signal suppression in wastewater by 1) defining the physical nature of the genetic material in the sewershed to better understand the types of factors that could suppress signal, 2) expanding testing within sewersheds with suppressed signal as well as from additional facilities with similar population and industry demographics as those with suppressed signal to narrow the sources of signal suppression, 3) performing exhaustive chemical characterization comparing wastewater from locations that are suppressed to those that are not to identify candidate compounds that could be causing suppression, and 4) obtaining or generating candidate inhibitors and test their ability to suppress signal from viral genetic material in a controlled experimental setting.