Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
批准号:
10393918
负责人:
Gunther Hollopeter
金额:
$0.89万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-04-01 至 2024-03-31
关键词:
AddressAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAnimalsBindingCaenorhabditis elegansCardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular systemCell membraneCell physiologyCellsCholesterolClathrinClathrin AdaptorsComplexDataDiseaseEarEndocytosisEnsureEscape MutantGenetic ScreeningGoalsGrowth FactorHealthHeartHepatitisIn VitroInfluenzaLigandsMalignant NeoplasmsMediatingMedicalMembraneMitochondriaMolecularMolecular ConformationMolecular MachinesMutagenesisNamesNeurodegenerative DisordersNeuromodulatorPathologicPhospholipidsPhosphorylationPhosphotransferasesPhysiologicalProcessProtein FamilyProteinsReceptor SignalingRecyclingRegulationResearchRoleScanningStructureTechniquesTestingTherapeuticVesicleVirusVirus Diseasesdesignenhancer-binding protein AP-2in vivoinnovationmacromoleculemutantneoplasticnovelparticlereceptor bindingscreeningspatiotemporaltool
中文摘要
摘要细胞骨架蛋白介导的细胞内吞作用是细胞进入细胞的主要途径,具有重要的医学意义。
物质,包括高胆固醇的空气颗粒,以及其他病毒,如流感病毒和肝炎。这些物质是通过吞噬食物而产生的。
信号和受体,这一基本的细胞调控过程也调整了我们的细胞敏感性,以防止这种潜在的病理性疾病。
生长因子和神经调节剂的作用。如此一来,我们就需要理解这些潜在的内吞调节因子是如何发挥作用的。
机械设备受到监管,并承诺将进一步披露新的控制机制,即可以利用这些机制来控制肿瘤。
神经退行性疾病、心血管疾病、癌症和病毒性疾病。最重要的是内吞过程的核心是AP2。
笼状蛋白是一种复合体,它似乎在囊泡形成过程中经历了一次构象变化。
积极地将膜技术和货运技术结合在一起,为包络蛋白大衣提供服务。尽管AP2发挥着核心作用,但我们仍然缺乏关键的技术。
关于这种新的分子机器在体内是如何被调控的细节。为了更好地解决这一迫切需要,我们已经开发了。
中提供了创新的测试工具,使我们能够在多个级别上对AP2的活动进行全面量化,并已深入使用了这些工具。
基因筛查旨在进一步识别两个保守的蛋白质家族,它们似乎无法控制AP2基因的构象和基因。
活动。我们的下一个目标是进一步阐明这些变构生物调节器是如何发挥内吞作用的。
从机理上讲,以前人们认为细胞膜和磷脂、细胞质和货物的结构域、结构域和结构域都是由细胞膜组成的。
通过激活AP2相关的蛋白激酶1(AAK1)来激活AP2。我们的初步研究数据表明,这是一个重要的信号转导途径。
与膜相关的Fer/Cip4同源结构域(FCHo)蛋白的保守区域不是必需的。
为了更好地促进细胞内吞作用,我们将AP2从一个更活跃的复合体转化为一个更活跃的复合体。我们已经将其命名为具有重要功能的复合体。
域名是AP2的激活者,也就是AAPA。在我们的目标1中,我们将测试AAPA是否有足够的能力来诱导一个新的结构性问题。
AP2的重排,以及定义了膜、货物、蛋白质和蛋白质磷酸化在这一过程中的重要作用。
我们还将通过对可能逃脱APA的线虫和突变体的筛查,来确定APA在哪里将细菌与AP2结合。
锚定在线粒体上。我们将继续评估AP2蛋白磷酸化的生理意义。
表征突变的蛋白激酶。在目标2中,我们将无法验证我们的假设,即它适应N耳朵结合的Coat--
相关蛋白质组(NECAP)S将中和AP2组蛋白的非活性结构(开放)构象,以确保适当的环境回收。
我们还没有发现AP2蛋白在一种超开放、超磷酸化的细胞中积聚。
国家在NECAP和突变体中规定,NECAP将专门结合开放的、磷酸化的和形式的AP2。我们将……
确定NECAP应该如何监管AP2的活动,以及它们应该在AP2调制的层次结构中的哪里发挥作用。
利用体外实验和体内实验的方法。为了充分了解NECAPs是如何发挥作用的,我们将无法确定它们的功能。
结构、结构和功能使用一种创新的随机扫描和突变技术来确定与之相关的基因NECAP--
AP2正在进行体内接触。我们将无法确定这项拟议的研究计划的长期影响范围,以进一步澄清细胞的基础是如何形成的。
在这些后生动物中,机械设备受到严格的控制,具有时空和精确度--在这种情况下,监管不善会导致问题变得非常重要。
疾病。
英文摘要
Abstract - Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the main port of entry into our cells for medically relevant
substances including cholesterol-laden particles and viruses such as influenza and hepatitis. By engulfing
signaling receptors, this fundamental cellular process also tunes our sensitivity to the potentially pathological
actions of growth factors and neuromodulators. As such, understanding how the underlying endocytic
machinery is regulated promises to reveal novel mechanisms that could be harnessed to control neoplastic,
neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and viral diseases. At the heart of the endocytic process lies the AP2
clathrin adaptor complex which appears to undergo a conformational change during vesicle formation to
actively couple membrane and cargo to the clathrin coat. Despite the central role of AP2, we lack critical
details about how this molecular machine is regulated in vivo. To address this need, we have developed
innovative tools in C. elegans that allow us to quantify AP2 activity at multiple levels and have employed deep
genetic screens to identify two conserved protein families that appear to govern AP2 conformation and
activity. Our goal is to illuminate how these allosteric regulators of the endocytic machinery function
mechanistically. Previously it was thought that membrane phospholipids, cytosolic cargo domains, and
phosphorylation by the AP2-associated kinase (AAK1) activate AP2. Our preliminary data indicate that a
conserved region of the membrane-associated Fer/Cip4 Homology Domain-only (FCHo) proteins is required
to promote endocytosis by converting AP2 to an active complex. We have named this functionally important
domain the AP2 Activator, or APA. In Aim 1 we will test whether the APA is sufficient to induce a structural
rearrangement of AP2, as well as defining the roles of membrane, cargo, and phosphorylation in that process.
We will determine where the APA binds to AP2 by screening for C. elegans mutants that escape an APA
anchored to mitochondria. We will evaluate the physiological significance of AP2 phosphorylation by
characterizing kinase mutants. In Aim 2 we will validate our hypothesis that adaptiN-Ear-Binding Coat-
Associated Proteins (NECAP)s counteract the active (open) conformation of AP2 to ensure proper recycling
of adaptor complexes. We have discovered that AP2 accumulates in a hyper-open, hyper-phosphorylated
state in NECAP mutants, and that NECAPs specifically bind open, phosphorylated forms of AP2. We will
determine how NECAPs regulate AP2 activity and where they function within the hierarchy of AP2 modulation
using in vitro and in vivo approaches. To fully understand how NECAPs function, we will determine their
structure, and use an innovative random-scanning mutagenesis technique to determine the relevant NECAP-
AP2 contacts in vivo. The long-term impact of the proposed research will be to clarify how fundamental cellular
machinery is controlled with spatiotemporal precision in metazoans – where misregulation leads to important
diseases.
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会议论文
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:10369000
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.22万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
-
依托单位:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:10595520
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.31万
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财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
-
依托单位:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:9900825
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.53万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
-
依托单位:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:10582196
-
项目类别:
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资助金额:$24.99万
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财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
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依托单位: