Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
AP2 网格蛋白接头复合物的分子调控
基本信息
- 批准号:10595520
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 36.31万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-04-01 至 2024-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAnimalsAnkyrin RepeatBindingBiochemicalBiological AssayCaenorhabditis elegansCardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular systemCell membraneCell physiologyCellsCellular biologyChargeCholesterolClathrinClathrin AdaptorsCollaborationsComplexCoupledCryoelectron MicroscopyCrystallographyDataDiseaseEarEndocytosisEnsureEukaryotic CellEventFaceFunctional disorderGenesGeneticGenetic ScreeningGoalsGrowth FactorHealthHeartHepatitisImageInfluenzaKnock-outLigand BindingLiposomesMalignant NeoplasmsMediatingMedicalMembraneMissense MutationModelingMolecularMolecular ConformationMolecular MachinesMoltingMutagenesisNamesNephronophthisisNeurodegenerative DisordersNeurologicNeuromodulatorOutcomePaperPathologicPatternPeptide HydrolasesPhenocopyPhospholipidsPhosphorylationPhosphotransferasesPhysiologicalPhysiologyPolymersProcessProtein FamilyProteinsProteomicsReceptor SignalingRecyclingRegulationResearchRoleRouteSignal TransductionStructureSystemTestingTherapeuticTimeTissuesVesicleViralVirusVirus DiseasesVisualizationenhancer-binding protein AP-2in vitro Assayin vivoinnovationinsightmacromoleculemolecular rearrangementmutantneoplasticnovelparticlepolymerizationrational designreceptor bindingspatiotemporalstemstructural biologytooltrafficking
项目摘要
Abstract Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the main port of entry into our cells for medically relevant
substances including cholesterol-laden particles and viruses such as influenza and hepatitis. By engulfing
signaling receptors, this fundamental cellular process also tunes our sensitivity to the potentially pathological
actions of growth factors and neuromodulators. As such, understanding how the underlying endocytic
machinery is regulated promises to reveal novel mechanisms that could be harnessed to control neoplastic,
neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and viral diseases. At the heart of the endocytic process lies the AP2
clathrin adaptor complex which appears to undergo a conformational change during vesicle formation to
actively couple membrane and cargo to the clathrin coat. Despite the central role of AP2, we lack critical
details about how this molecular machine is regulated in vivo and how this regulation influences multicellular
systems. To address this need, we have developed innovative tools in C. elegans that allow us to quantify
AP2 activity at multiple levels and have employed deep genetic screens to identify three conserved protein
families that appear to govern AP2 conformation and activity. Our goal is to illuminate how these allosteric
regulators of the endocytic machinery function mechanistically. In Aim 1 we will validate our hypothesis that
adaptiN-Ear-Binding Coat-Associated Proteins (NECAP)s counteract the active (open) conformation of AP2
to ensure proper recycling of adaptor complexes. We have discovered that AP2 accumulates in an active
state in NECAP mutants, and that NECAPs specifically bind open, phosphorylated forms of AP2. Using cryo-
EM we have determined that the phosphorylated AP2 core bound to NECAP is conformationally inactive. We
will validate this structure in vivo and whether it reflects the end product of NECAP activity. Previously it was
thought that membrane phospholipids, cytosolic cargo domains, and phosphorylation by the AP2-associated
kinase (AAK1) activate AP2. Our preliminary data indicate that a conserved region of the membrane-
associated Fer/Cip4 Homology Domain-only (FCHo) proteins is required to promote endocytosis by
converting AP2 to an active complex. We have named this functionally important domain the AP2 Activator,
or APA. In Aim 2 we will determine where the APA binds AP2 using cryo-EM and test whether the APA is
sufficient to induce a structural rearrangement of AP2, as well as defining the roles of membrane, cargo, and
phosphorylation in that process. We will evaluate the physiological significance of AP2 phosphorylation by
characterizing kinase mutants. In our new Aim 3 we will examine how membrane trafficking influences tissue
physiology using our suite of assays to study a novel mutant in a tissue patterning inversin/nephronophthisis-
2 protein called MLT-4 that phenocopies loss of AP2 activity. The long-term impact of the proposed research
will be to clarify how fundamental cellular machinery is controlled with spatiotemporal precision in metazoans,
where misregulation leads to important diseases.
摘要 网格蛋白介导的内吞作用是进入我们细胞的主要端口,
包括胆固醇颗粒和病毒,如流感和肝炎。通过吞噬
信号受体,这一基本的细胞过程也调整了我们对潜在的病理变化的敏感性。
生长因子和神经调质的作用。因此,了解潜在的内吞作用是如何发生的,
机器被调节有望揭示新的机制,可以利用这些机制来控制肿瘤,
内吞过程的核心是AP 2,
网格蛋白接头复合物,其在囊泡形成期间似乎经历构象变化,
尽管AP 2起着核心作用,但我们缺乏关键的
关于这种分子机器如何在体内调节以及这种调节如何影响多细胞的细节。
为了满足这一需求,我们在秀丽隐杆线虫中开发了创新工具,使我们能够量化
AP 2活性在多个水平,并采用了深入的遗传筛选,以确定三个保守的蛋白质
我们的目标是阐明这些变构蛋白是如何与AP 2的构象和活性相关的。
内吞机制的调节器以机械方式起作用。在目标1中,我们将验证我们的假设,
adaptiN-Ear-Binding Coat-Associated Proteins(NECAP)s抵消AP 2的活性(开放)构象,
我们发现,AP 2在一个活性的细胞中积累,
在NECAP突变体中,NECAP特异性结合开放磷酸化形式AP 2。
我们已经确定,磷酸化的AP 2核心结合到NECAP是构象失活。
将在体内验证这种结构,以及它是否反映了NECAP活性的终产物。
我认为,膜磷脂、胞质货物结构域和AP 2-β相关的磷酸化,
我们的初步数据表明,在细胞膜上的一个保守区域,
相关的Fer/Cip 4同源结构域-单核苷酸(FCHo)蛋白是促进内吞作用所必需的,
将AP 2转化为活性复合物。我们将这个功能重要的结构域命名为AP 2激活剂,
在目标2中,我们将使用冷冻电镜确定阿帕与AP 2结合的位置,并测试阿帕是否
足以诱导AP 2的结构重排,以及定义膜、货物和
我们将评估AP 2磷酸化的生理意义,
在我们的新目标3中,我们将研究膜运输如何影响组织
生理学使用我们的一套测定来研究组织模式倒位/肾单位营养不良中的新突变体
2蛋白质称为MLT-104,表型模仿AP 2活性的丧失。
将阐明在后生动物中,基本的细胞机制是如何被时空精确控制的,
在那里,失调会导致严重的疾病。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Gunther Hollopeter其他文献
Gunther Hollopeter的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Gunther Hollopeter', 18)}}的其他基金
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
AP2 网格蛋白接头复合物的分子调控
- 批准号:
10393918 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 36.31万 - 项目类别:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
AP2 网格蛋白接头复合物的分子调控
- 批准号:
10369000 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 36.31万 - 项目类别:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
AP2 网格蛋白接头复合物的分子调控
- 批准号:
9900825 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 36.31万 - 项目类别:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
AP2 网格蛋白接头复合物的分子调控
- 批准号:
10582196 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 36.31万 - 项目类别: