Are Interventions Supporting Physical ACtivity modified by the Environment (InSPACE)?

美国大多数年轻人和成年人没有达到推荐的体力活动水平，尽管 与充分运动相关的显著和广泛的健康益处。 增加体力活动的干预措施对改善个人和人群的健康至关重要 健康。然而，通常有效的干预措施可能并不总是有效的。 个人。个性化行为医学，其中的干预措施是根据背景量身定做的 在个人试图改善健康行为方面，仍然是一个新领域。其中 家居社区内的背景因素、建筑因素和社会环境因素是相关的 对个人的体力活动(例如，更适合步行的社区的居民)的横向影响 通常更活跃)。然而，横断面观察性研究并不能确定 是否或哪些环境因素是促进或阻碍尝试增加 体力活动。拟议的Inspace项目调查了是否以及哪个家庭 社区建设和社会环境因素影响个体对体育运动的反应 活动干预。我们建议招募并参与50+项体力活动干预 在全国范围内进行试验，以产生全面和一致的目标建立的衡量标准 (例如，居住密度)和社会(例如，家庭收入中位数)社区 与每个试验中的单个参与者相关联的环境。可获得性的研究进展 国家空间数据和创新型用户友好工具，用于创建环境属性和属性 测量到美国任何地方(自动环境测量工具)使Inspace 既及时又可行。环境、体力活动结果和人口统计数据将 跨试验进行协调，并汇集在一起，以便对环境影响进行可靠的测试 在单次试验中不可能修改体力活动干预。此外，池化 数据将允许测试关键的个人层面的人口统计因素，如年龄 和种族/民族，在影响身体活动时与邻里环境因素相互作用 干预结果。在专家科学咨询委员会的指导下，来自InSpace的发现 有可能快速有效地确定谁将对现有的有效 在什么情况下进行体力活动干预并鼓励变革中的创新 干预措施，以更好地匹配个人的环境背景时试图增加 体力活动。

Most youth and adults in the U.S. do not meet recommended levels of physical activity, despite the significant and extensive health benefits associated with being sufficiently active. Interventions to increase physical activity are critical to improving an individuals' and population health. However, generally efficacious interventions may not be consistently effective across individuals. Personalized behavioral medicine in which interventions are tailored to the context in which individuals are attempting to improve health behaviors remains a nascent field. Among context factors, built and social environment factors within the home neighborhood are related cross-sectionally to individuals' physical activity (e.g., residents in more walkable neighborhoods are generally more active). However, cross-sectional observational studies do not identify whether or which environmental factors are facilitators or barriers to attempts to increase physical activity. The proposed InSPACE project examines whether and which home neighborhood built and social environment factors affect individuals' response to physical activity interventions. We propose to recruit and engage with 50+ physical activity intervention trials across the country to generate comprehensive and consistent measures of objective built (e.g., residential density) and social (e.g., median household income) neighborhood environment linked to individual participants within each trial. Advances in the availability of national spatial data and an innovative user-friendly tool to create and attribute environmental measures to anywhere in the U.S. (the Automatic Context Measurement Tool) makes InSPACE timely and feasible. Environmental, physical activity outcome, and demographic data will be harmonized across trials and pooled to allow for robust testing of environmental effect modification of physical activity intervention not possible within single trials. In addition, pooled data will allow for testing of whether critical individual-level demographic factors, such as age and race/ethnicity, interact with neighborhood environmental factors in affecting physical activity intervention outcome. Guided by an expert scientific advisory council, findings from InSPACE have the potential to rapidly and efficiently identify who will be responsive to existing efficacious physical activity interventions in what contexts and encourage innovation in changing interventions to better match individuals' environmental contexts when attempting to increase physical activity.