Advancing Genomic Technologies to Combat Infectious Disease: Mapping Dynamics within Single Cells, Individual Hosts, and Global Populations

尽管传染病在全球造成了毁灭性的人员伤亡，但我们缺乏关于 引起和传播疾病的病毒、细菌、真菌、寄生虫和昆虫媒介。这种无知给我们留下了 很少有机会干预感染和传播的循环，特别是在面对 新传染病的出现和抗药性的迅速上升。我们的传染病基因组中心 疾病(GCID)开发和应用尖端基因组技术来解决我们的 基础生物学知识，是宿主、病原体和媒介之间相互作用的基础。我们的 GCID由经验丰富的管理人员组成，他们有有效合作开发的历史 并应用创新的基因组方法。我们的GCID采用工业惯例和管理系统 指导我们的技术、数据和管理核心的世界领先设施。杰出的 科学家领导我们的四个研究项目，致力于病毒、细菌、真菌和寄生虫病以及 传播它们的媒介。我们的集体工作将针对高优先级病原体和病原体-宿主-媒介 对全球疾病负担有重大影响的系统。每个研究项目都利用我们的 在基因组学、技术开发、生物信息学和计算生物学方面的专业知识，以及 合作的研究人员和临床医生将它们应用于经过深思熟虑获得的样本和经过验证的模型 系统。此外，我们开发的实验室和分析方法将广泛适用于其他 病原体-宿主系统。我们的研究项目受益于他们共享空间产生的协同效应， 方法和工具，他们将共同追求三个长期、贯穿各领域的目标：1)探索 个体和群体规模的病原体和病媒的基因组流行病学；2)了解 利用基因组和转录组分析脊椎动物宿主、病原体和节肢动物媒介之间的相互作用 方法；以及，3)定义毒力、免疫力的功能基础和功能后果 元基因组多样性。通过应用强大的新基因组技术来探测寄主和病原体 对感染过程的贡献我们将获得关键的知识，并开辟追踪的新途径， 预防和管理传染病。我们将制作和传播数据、方法和 专门知识，扩大对传染病基因组研究的参与，并产生数据和知识 这将使广大社区能够受益于我们的专业知识，并最终改善全球公共卫生。

Despite the devastating global human toll of infectious diseases, we lack fundamental knowledge about the viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites and insect vectors that cause and spread disease. This ignorance leaves us with very few opportunities to intervene in the cycle of infection and transmission, especially in the face of the emergence of new infectious diseases and the rapid rise in drug resistance. Our Genomic Center for Infectious Disease (GCID) develops and applies cutting-edge genomic technologies to address fundamental gaps in our knowledge of the basic biology that underlies the interactions between hosts, pathogens, and vectors. Our GCID is comprised of highly experienced managers with a history of working together effectively to develop and apply innovative genomic approaches. Our GCID employs industrial practices and management systems in directing the world-leading facilities of our Technology, Data and Administrative Cores. Outstanding scientists lead our four Research Projects, devoted to viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic diseases and vectors that transmit them. Our collective work will target high priority pathogens and pathogen-host-vector systems that have a major impact on the global burden of disease. Each Research Project leverages our expertise in genomics, technology development, bioinformatics and computational biology, and with collaborating researchers and clinicians applies them to thoughtfully acquired samples and proven model systems. Moreover, the laboratory and analytical methods we develop will have broad applicability to other pathogen-host systems. Our Research Projects benefit from synergies arising from their shared space, approaches and tools, and together they will pursue three long-range, cross-cutting objectives: 1) Explore the genomic epidemiology of pathogens and vectors at individual and population scales; 2) Understand interactions among vertebrate hosts, pathogens, and arthropod vectors using genomic and transcriptomic approaches; and, 3) Define the functional basis of virulence, immunity, and the functional consequences of metagenomic diversity. By applying powerful new genomic technologies to probe host and pathogen contributions to infection processes we will obtain crucial knowledge, and open new avenues for tracking, preventing and managing infectious diseases. We will produce and disseminate data, methodologies, and expertise, broaden participation in genomic research into infectious disease, and generate data and knowledge that will enable a wide community to benefit from our expertise, and, ultimately improve global public health.