EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF LUNG CANCER AND WOOD DUST

建议开展一项基于人群的肺癌病例对照研究。 确定木材相关职业的就业是否与 增加患肺癌的风险，并确定这些特定的暴露 工作，这可能解释任何发现的增加的风险。具体来说，我们会： A)检验以下假设：从事运营工作的人员从事下列任何工作 木材工业的四个主要部门患肺病的风险增加 癌症；b)检验暴露在可呼吸木尘中的人 特别是，以及其他几种潜在的致癌物存在于 与木材相关的职业患肺癌的风险增加；以及c) 确定超额风险是否与上述任何因素相关 因组织类型不同而异，或受其他已知风险因素的影响，如 如吸烟，饮食中摄入的β-胡萝卜素和维生素C，或家庭 有肺癌病史。年龄介乎18至74岁居于 11-华盛顿州西部的县区，那里有与木材相关的职业 尤其常见的是从癌症监测系统中识别出 弗雷德·哈钦森癌症研究中心(SEER注册)。控制 从同一地理区域中随机抽取年龄相近的人 数字拨号。大约769例病例和同等数量的对照 将在三年内接受采访。受试者将接受采访 使用结构化问卷和有经验的面试者通过电话。 将使用标准邮寄的自填式问卷来收集 饮食信息有限。暴露在木尘中将通过一项 由两名工业卫生员根据个人情况考虑工作 职称和典型职责、制成品类型和参与情况 在已知可产生可测量的可吸入浓度的活动中 灰尘。对于华盛顿州西部的行业来说，总的和可呼吸的 粉尘水平没有得到很好的表征，随机全班抽样会 也要在第一年内完成。将有大约680个样品 在两个季节内至少在八个工业地点拍摄。 采用分层分析和Logistic回归等方法进行控制。 主要风险因素的影响，并确定任何重要影响 受这些因素的影响。将使用多分类Logistic回归 与配对Logistic回归一起调查风险差异 在特定的肺癌组织学类型中。据估计，如果 木尘在病因上与肺癌有关，可能占15% 华盛顿州西部部分地区的男性肺癌病例比例为3%，全国范围内为3%。 这意味着美国每年大约有3,000例病例 各州。

A population-based case-control study of lung cancer is proposed to determine if employment in wood-related occupations is associated with increased risk of lung cancer, and to identify specific exposures in these jobs which might explain any increased risks found. Specifically, we will: a) test the hypothesis that persons employed in operational jobs in any of the four major segments of the wood industry are at increased risk of lung cancer; b) test the hypothesis that persons exposed to respirable wood dust in particular, as well as several other potential carcinogens present in wood-related occupations, are at increased risk of lung cancer; and c) determine whether excess risk associated with any of the above factors varies by histologic type, or is modified by other known risk factors such as tobacco use, dietary intake of beta-carotene and vitamin C, or family history of lung cancer. Male cases aged 18-74 years who reside in an 11-county area of western Washington where wood-related occupations are particularly common will be identified from the Cancer Surveillance System of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (a SEER registry). Controls of similar age from the same geographic area will be selected by random digit dialing. Approximately 769 cases and an equal number of controls will be interviewed over a three-year period. Subjects will be interviewed by telephone using a structured questionnaire and experienced interviewers. A standard mailed self-administered questionnaire will be used to collect limited dietary information. Exposure to wood dust will be assessed on an individual basis by two industrial hygienists, taking into account job title and typical duties, type of manufactured product, and participation in activities known to produce measurable concentrations of respirable dust. For industries in western Washington in which total and respirable dust levels are not well-characterized, random full-shift sampling will also be accomplished during the first year. Approximately 680 samples will be taken at a minimum of eight industrial sites over two seasons. Stratified analysis and logistic regression will be used to control for the effect of major risk factors and to identify any important effect modification by these factors. Polytomous logistic regression will be used along with pairwise logistic regression to investigate differences in risk among specific histologic types of lung cancer. It is estimated that if wood dust is etiologically related to lung cancer, it may account for 15% of male lung cancer cases in parts of western Washington and 3% nationwide. This would represent approximately 3,000 cases per year in the United States.