MORPHOGENESIS AND DIFFERENTIATION OF GUSTATORY PAPILLAE

味觉乳头是一种特殊的结构，它形成于 位于舌背表面；它们的上皮是独一无二的 它形成味蕾的能力。图案化、形态发生和 这些结构及其驻留的味蕾的分化提供了一种 一系列独特的发展事件，可以作为 早期上皮-间充质的相互作用和神经的作用 形态发生的各个阶段。这项研究的长期目标是 提供对导致味觉形成的事件的见解 乳头，味觉上皮形成味蕾的承诺和 神经支配在味觉乳头形成中的作用。自.以来 味觉乳头的大部分形态发生在子宫内，对 乳头形成中涉及的因果因素已被禁止 很难操纵这一过程。因此，我们在 允许在小鼠身上研究这些过程的体外模型。 利用这些模型，我们提出了以下具体目标：(1)定义 细胞外基质(ECM)分子与细胞黏附的作用 味觉形成和分化中的分子(CAM) 乳头状结构：a)确定细胞外基质的时空分布 钙调素在胎盘和乳头形成和分化中的作用 以及b)演示ECM和CAM结果扰动 在体外异常乳头形态发生中的作用；(2)阐明 味觉神经在体外胎盘和乳头形成中的作用 切除味觉神经节对味觉和安慰剂的影响 乳头的形成和分化；以及b)比较ECM和CAM 有神经和无神经乳头内的分布 神经支配对它们的分布有调节作用；(3)研究 味觉神经对味觉的影响因素 通过a)确定：(I)去除味觉的影响 安慰剂；(Ii)将神经从正常通路转移；(Iii)异位 味觉纤维插入背侧的神经节的定位 舌头在鳃弓外植体中；以及b)与味觉神经节共培养 味觉和非味觉上皮。为了实现这些目标， 显微解剖和组织处理，滚筒培养， 免疫荧光染色，生物和生化抑制剂， 将使用放射自显影和图像分析。这些结果 研究不仅将提供关于上皮器官如何 表格，但也将有助于我们理解 味觉的发展，这在调节摄食方面起着主要作用。

Gustatory papillae are specialized structures which form in specific locations on the dorsal surface of the tongue; their epithelium is unique in its ability to form taste buds. The patterning, morphogenesis and differentiation of these structures and their resident taste buds offer a unique series of developmental events which could serve as a paradigm for epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and the role of nerves in the early stages of morphogenesis. The long term goal of this research is to provide insights into events leading to the formation of gustatory papillae, commitment of the gustatory epithelium to form taste buds and the role of innervation in the formation of gustatory papillae. Since much of gustatory papillary morphogenesis occurs in utero, studies of the causal factors involved in papilla formation have been prohibited by the difficulty of manipulating the process. Therefore, we have developed in vitro models to permit investigation of these processes in the mouse. Using these models, we propose the following Specific Aims: (1) Define the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cell adhesion molecules (CAM) in the formation and differentiation of gustatory papillae by: a) determining the temporo-spatial distribution of ECM and CAM during placode and papilla formation and differentiation in vivo and in vitro; and b) demonstrating that perturbation of ECM and CAM results in abnormal papilla morphogenesis in vitro; (2) Elucidate the role of taste nerves in placode and papilla formation in vitro by: a) determining the effects of extirpation of taste ganglia on placode and gustatory papilla formation and differentiation; and b) comparing the ECM and CAM distributions within papilla with and without nerve to determine if innervation has a role in modulation their distribution; (3) Investigate factors involved in the guidance of taste nerves to the gustatory placode, by a) determining the effects of: (i) removing the gustatory placode; (ii) diverting nerves from normal pathways; (iii) ectopic placement of ganglia on the ingrowth of taste fibers into the dorsal tongue in branchial arch explants; and b) co-culturing taste ganglia with gustatory and non-gustatory epithelia. To achieve these goals, microdissection and tissue manipulation, roller tube culture, immunofluorescent staining, biological and biochemical inhibitors, autoradiography and image analysis will be used. These results of these studies will not only provide new information on how epithelial organs form in general, but will also contribute to our understanding of the development of taste which has a primary role in regulating feeding.