OBJECT SEGREGATION IN INFANCY

拟议研究的目标是调查 婴儿将视觉世界分割成对象的能力。研究人员 我已经确定了三种可能特别有用的信息 在将静止的三维场景解析为单独的对象时： 配置信息(即，形状、颜色和图案 对象)、物理知识(例如，对象不能 在没有支持的情况下保持稳定)，以及通过以前的 对对象的体验(即关于特定对象的知识等 对象的一般类型)。 拟议的实验调查了婴儿使用信息的能力。 从这些来源中，考虑到三个更大的问题。第一，如何 婴儿会整合来自不同来源的信息吗？什么战略 婴儿是否使用允许他们解决相互冲突的知觉线索和 对一个展示做出统一的解释？这些整合如何 战略被描述了吗？第二个更大的问题是如何做到这些 整合战略会随着时间的推移而改变吗？年轻人有什么不同吗？ 大一点的婴儿的融合策略呢？这些有什么不同 策略需要解释吗？最后，第三个问题是 观察到的婴儿整合能力的变化与不同的 他们对物品的体验是什么？ 这些问题在15个拟议的实验中得到了解决，这些实验被组织成 四个部分。前三个部分包含的实验重点是 (A)某一特定信息来源的作用；(B)婴儿如何 将此来源的信息与其他来源的信息集成 (C)随着发展而发生的一体化方面的变化。这个 第四部分由实验组成，调查婴儿的角色 在发展变化中的经验(视觉和手工) 整合战略。 这项拟议的研究应该会增加我们对婴儿如何 体验视觉世界，也可能导致对 控制婴儿期知觉和认知发展的机制。

The goal of the proposed research is to investigate the development of infants' ability to segment the visual world into objects. Researchers have identified three kinds of information that could be especially useful in parsing stationary, three-dimensional scenes into separate objects: configurational information (i.e., the shapes, colors, and patterns of objects), physical knowledge (e.g., the knowledge that objects cannot remain stable without support), and knowledge gained through previous experiences with objects (i.e., knowledge about specific objects and more general kinds of objects). The proposed experiments investigate infants' ability to use information from these sources with three sets of larger questions in mind. First, how do infants integrate information from different sources? What strategies do infants use that allow them to resolve conflicting perceptual cues and produce a unitary interpretation of a display? How can these integration strategies be described? The second larger question is how do these integration strategies change over time? Are there differences in younger and older infants' integration strategies? How can these different strategies be explained? And finally, the third question is can the observed changes in infants' integration abilities be linked to kinds of experiences they have with objects? These questions are addressed in 15 proposed experiments organized into four sections. The first three sections contain experiments that focus on (a) the role of one particular source of information, (b) how infants integrate information from this source with information from other sources, and (c) changes in integration that occur with development. The fourth section consists of experiments investigating the role of infants' experiences (both visual and manual) in the developmental changes in integration strategies. The proposed research should add to our understanding of how young infants experience the visual world, and could also lead to the identification of mechanisms controlling perceptual and cognitive development in infancy.